Integration of Fixed and Flexible Route Public Transportation Systems

The applied research study proposed here will quantitatively explore some opportunities for better integrating conventional and paratransit services, focusing especially on switching vehicles and drivers among different service types in peak and off-peak periods and on feeding conventional routes with paratransit services in area and periods with low demand densities. Optimization models will be developed to enable public transit operators to exploit such opportunities. The expected benefits include improved utilization of drivers and vehicles, improved service quality in off-peak periods and reduced capacity requirements during peak periods.