Cyberattack Resilience in Cooperative Driving Automation Using Experimental Data and Federated Agents: Phase II

Cooperative driving automation or Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are rapidly taking over modern intelligent transportation systems. The proliferation of CAVs has also intensified concerns around cybersecurity and data privacy. The added communication involved in these driving maneuvers serves as a vulnerable attack surface. The data communicated in Basic Safety Messages (BSMs) of CAVs is highly safety-critical, thus requires secure processing and sharing. Traditional security strategies are mostly machine learning-based that rely on centralized data processing and storage. The centralized servers act as single-point-of-trust, which is vulnerable to failure, compromising data privacy, and adding overhead to communication. To address these challenges, Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a distributed learning paradigm that enables CAV agents to locally train models and only share model parameters with a global server for updates. This eliminates the need for raw data sharing, which preserves the privacy of sensitive data transfer during CAV communication and reduces the risk of single-point failure. Despite the benefits of FL, it is still susceptible to threats like poisoning attacks, inference-based adversaries and model manipulation. The model parameters are not secured while shared iteratively between local and global agents. It is possible for adversaries to deliberately inject anomalies into the local model updates, thereby degrading the accuracy of the global model or compromise the individual local agents. To mitigate this inherent problem of FL, Blockchain serves as the apt solution. Blockchain technology is lightweight, fully decentralized data storage framework that replaces conventional centralized databases by providing immutability and tamper-proofing to the stored data. The Secure Hashing Algorithm (SHA) and smart contracts employed by Blockchains facilitate trust and accountability in this storage solution. This research will integrate blockchain with FL to secure the training data shared between FL’s distributed agents. Due to the distributed nature of both frameworks, they complement each other well and are completely compatible for integration.

Language

  • English

Project

  • Status: Active
  • Funding: $166,789.00
  • Contract Numbers:

    69A3552344812

    69A3552348317

  • Sponsor Organizations:

    Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology

    University Transportation Centers Program
    Department of Transportation
    Washington, DC  United States  20590

    Morgan State University

    1700 E. Cold Spring Lane
    Baltimore, MD 21251, Maryland  United States  21251

    University of California, Santa Cruz

    1156 High Street, Mail Stop SOE2
    Santa Cruz, California  United Kingdom  95064
  • Managing Organizations:

    National Center for Transportation Cybersecurity and Resiliency (TraCR)

    Clemson University
    Clemson, SC  United States 

    Morgan State University

    1700 E. Cold Spring Lane
    Baltimore, MD 21251, Maryland  United States  21251
  • Project Managers:

    Chowdhury, Mashrur

  • Performing Organizations:

    Morgan State University

    1700 E. Cold Spring Lane
    Baltimore, MD 21251, Maryland  United States  21251

    University of California, Santa Cruz

    1156 High Street, Mail Stop SOE2
    Santa Cruz, California  United Kingdom  95064
  • Principal Investigators:

    Khattak, Zulqarnain H

    Cardenas, Alvaro

    Ali, Amjad

  • Start Date: 20260401
  • Expected Completion Date: 20270331
  • Actual Completion Date: 0
  • USDOT Program: University Transportation Centers

Subject/Index Terms

Filing Info

  • Accession Number: 01988092
  • Record Type: Research project
  • Source Agency: National Center for Transportation Cybersecurity and Resiliency (TraCR)
  • Contract Numbers: 69A3552344812, 69A3552348317
  • Files: UTC, RIP
  • Created Date: Apr 28 2026 4:15PM