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https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27432/critical-issues-in-transportation-for-2024-and-beyond

Thermal Influences of Stormwater BMP Approaches on Coldwater Streams

The overall objective of this research is to determine the thermal contributions and differences among five different stormwater best mangement practice (BMP) types with respect to stream temperatures. The end result will rank BMPs for their thermal influence and identify the BMP(s) most thermally protective of coldwater streams to provide a basis for comparing the ecological costs and benefits. To accomplish the objective, the research team will need to measure temperatures in the BMP outfalls immediately before the confluence with a stream as well as within the stream itself. Measuring the stream temperature above the BMP outfall, below (10m) the outfall, and 100m below the outfall will determine the influence of the BMP outfall on the stream and the downstream effects. In addition, the thermal depth profiles of the selected retention ponds will also be determined. Thermal depth profiles will allow SHA to identify the feasibility of releasing water from different depths to mitigate thermal impacts. A final objective is to review the available published and gray literature on the thermal effectiveness of various stormwater BMPs relevant to highways.