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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://rip.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=PHNlYXJjaD48cGFyYW1zPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJzdWJqZWN0aWQiIHZhbHVlPSIxODA3IiAvPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJkYXRlaW4iIHZhbHVlPSI3MzAiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9InN1YmplY3Rsb2dpYyIgdmFsdWU9Im9yIiAvPjxwYXJhbSBuYW1lPSJ0ZXJtc2xvZ2ljIiB2YWx1ZT0ib3IiIC8+PHBhcmFtIG5hbWU9ImxvY2F0aW9uIiB2YWx1ZT0iMTYiIC8+PC9wYXJhbXM+PGZpbHRlcnMgLz48cmFuZ2VzIC8+PHNvcnRzPjxzb3J0IGZpZWxkPSJwdWJsaXNoZWQiIG9yZGVyPSJkZXNjIiAvPjwvc29ydHM+PHBlcnNpc3RzPjxwZXJzaXN0IG5hbWU9InJhbmdldHlwZSIgdmFsdWU9InB1Ymxpc2hlZGRhdGUiIC8+PC9wZXJzaXN0cz48L3NlYXJjaD4=" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Zero- and Reduced-Fare Transit Policy and Post-Pandemic Recovery: A Multi-Agency Analysis of Ridership, Service Supply, and Access</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2697838</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Despite growing interest in fare reduction as a policy lever, rigorous comparative evidence on its effects, particularly in the post-pandemic context, remains limited. In Virginia some 40 transit agencies eliminated fares for some period of time during the COVID pandemic, leading the Department of Rail and Public Transportation to ask how fare reduction or fare elimination have affected ridership, operations, and access for system users. This research addresses that question by developing a structured analytical framework and applying it to a sample of transit agencies in which Virginia properties are heavily represented. Using longitudinal data spanning years before and after the pandemic “lockdown”, the research compares agencies that adopted zero- and reduced-fare policies or means-tested fare-free programs against matched fare-collecting agencies. The analysis addresses three interrelated outcomes: ridership recovery trajectories, changes in service supply and scheduled speeds and headways, and shifts in access to employment and key destinations. For a representative subset of agencies, the study also conducts a network-level analysis of access to employment using Remix, a transit planning and scheduling software tool, for a selected set of agencies that represent a range of system sizes. Findings are intended to provide evidence-based guidance for Virginia transit agencies and other stakeholders considering fare policy as a tool for ridership recovery and service quality and performance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 08:37:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2697838</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Optimization-Based Framework and Decision-Support Tool for Bridge Toll Implementation Under Behavioral and Operational Constraints

</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696158</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project aims to develop a novel theoretical framework and a practical decision-support tool to guide strategic bridge toll implementation under real-world behavioral and operational constraints. Traditional toll optimization and project evaluation models focus on market uncertainties but neglect critical human behavioral factors, such as present bias, that significantly influence decision outcomes. To bridge this gap, the proposed research introduces an optimization framework that integrates behavioral dynamics into infrastructure decision-making, enabling the identification of strategies that maximize long-term social welfare while addressing short-term user response and implementation pressures. The accompanying decision-support tool will translate this framework into an interactive, user-friendly platform for transportation agencies and policymakers. It will allow users to simulate and compare alternative tolling strategies, assess implementation timelines, and visualize trade-offs between system efficiency, user response, and long-term performance outcomes. By empowering decision-makers to make data-driven, welfare-maximizing choices, this project supports more effective, publicly acceptable, and operationally robust tolling practices. The research will generate theoretical advances, peer-reviewed publications, and an actionable tool ready for integration with Florida Department of Transportation's (FDOT’s) planning processes, ultimately contributing to more resilient, safe and efficient transportation infrastructure systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 19:59:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696158</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>TRB Core Program Services for a Highway RD&amp;T Program – Federal Fiscal Year 2026/TRB (State DOTs) Fiscal Year 2027</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2692353</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The transportation research community consists of numerous partnerships to aid in the conduct of research and the implementation of technologies and innovations.  The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the state departments of transportation (DOTs), and the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) are among these partners, who work closely in many facets of the national research program. The Transportation Research Board (TRB)’s mission is to promote innovation and progress in transportation by stimulating and conducting research, facilitating the dissemination of information, and encouraging the implementation of research results. TRB fulfills this mission through the work of its standing technical committees and task forces addressing all modes and aspects of transportation; publication and dissemination of reports and peer-reviewed technical papers on research findings; administration of contract research programs; conduct of special studies on transportation policy issues; maintenance of Transport Research International Documentation (TRID); and hosting an annual meeting that attracts approximately 14,000 transportation professionals from throughout the United States and abroad. This pooled fund provides a mechanism for States to transfer funds to FHWA to add to the TRB Core Program Services cooperative agreement.

The objective of this research is to provide a mechanism for State transportation departments to support the TRB's core program and services.

This pooled fund study permits States to make their contributions to the TRB Core Program instead of sending their contributions to TRB directly. 

]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 20:24:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2692353</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Personal Vehicle Ownership and Operating Cost Calculator (Version 2.0) for Quantifying On-road Vehicle Operating Costs</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2691663</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 2018, the Georgia Tech National Center for Sustainable Transportation (NCST) research team developed the Vehicle Ownership and Operating Cost Calculator (VCC) Version 1.0, allowing users to calculate and understand total vehicle ownership costs over the lifespan of the vehicle. Traditional resources typically found on automotive websites offer five-year cost projections, but often overlook or simplify long-term expenses such as financing, maintenance, energy use, and depreciation, which vary widely based on region, vehicle type, and individual driving habits. By allowing users to input personalized data, the calculator provides a tailored, detailed analysis of ownership costs, helping users make more informed decisions about vehicle purchases. The VCC is designed to serve as an educational resource (highlighting the cost categories associated with vehicle ownership) and as an instructional aid in courses that examine transportation planning and economic assessments. The VCC allows users to input data specific to their circumstances, including vehicle purchase price, loan details, annual mileage, insurance, energy costs, maintenance, and other costs like parking and tolls. Using data from sources such as the Georgia Department of Revenue’s vehicle pricing database and the U.S. Department of Energy’s Fuel Economy Database, the calculator provides customized cost estimates. The tool provides users (students and the public) with a thorough understanding of the full costs associated with lifetime vehicle ownership, by offering a comprehensive breakdown of ownership costs, including hidden expenses often overlooked in purchase decisions. The original model became dated, because the tool did not have the ability to automatically ingest and update vehicle ownership cost data. This project will update the tool with new data, develop data ingestion procedures, and modify output formats to support economic assessments of roadway design alternatives. To make the VCC accessible and support technology transfer, this project will update the calculator to accommodate the latest vehicle technologies (2018-2025) and to generate an online model presence. The research team will update fuel prices, maintenance, insurance costs, and depreciation rates to capture recent market changes. The team will also assess and implement enhanced reporting features to provide users with more detailed breakdowns and visualizations of ownership costs. Finally, the team will modify the structure of the model so that the tool can compile operating costs per vehicle-mile for observed and modeled on-road fleet compositions and operating conditions. The deliverables will include an updated version of the calculator accessible as both an Excel tool and a web interface.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 23:22:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2691663</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Successful Applications of Alternative Delivery Methods by Highway Agencies to Accelerate Project Delivery</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681234</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent studies indicate that alternative project delivery methods—particularly design-build (DB), progressive design-build (PDB), public-private partnerships (P3s), and progressive P3s—can accelerate project development and delivery. However, adoption across State DOTs remains uneven. Some agencies have strong internal capacity, established procurement practices, and enabling legal frameworks to use these approaches effectively, while others continue to rely primarily on design-bid-build. As a result, many agencies are not realizing the full potential benefits of accelerated delivery.

This scan will assess how leading states have implemented alternative delivery models, the policies and laws that enabled their use, and lessons that may be transferable to other DOTs seeking to shorten delivery timelines. Areas of examination include: (1) criteria agencies use to select delivery models for major projects; (2) the role of enabling legislation and institutional frameworks in shaping delivery options; (3) cost and schedule performance comparisons across DB, PDB, P3, and design-bid-build; (4) stakeholder management, institutional considerations, and public communication practices; (5) risk allocation and risk-sharing approaches between public and private partners; and (6) use of innovative financing to improve project viability when paired with alternative delivery.

The scan will also examine decision-making processes, including leadership evaluation of delivery options, the influence of institutional and technical considerations, accountability mechanisms, internal capability development, procurement practices, and the integration of lifecycle cost considerations. Barriers to broader adoption—such as limited authority, staffing constraints, and concerns regarding cost overruns and accountability—will also be documented.

This scan will identify lessons learned, best practices, and decision frameworks for implementing accelerated delivery models. It will document how selected agencies evaluate delivery options, structure procurements, build internal capacity, and engage stakeholders to support successful outcomes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 15:10:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681234</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovative Approaches in Acquiring New or Replacement Fleet Equipment</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681240</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Fleet managers often face challenges securing sufficient funding to meet their agencies’ equipment needs. While some have developed alternative approaches to acquire fleet equipment, many agencies are not fully aware of these options or their potential advantages and limitations. Rising equipment costs and constrained budgets increase the need to examine flexible and cost-effective acquisition strategies. A review of these approaches and their associated considerations could provide practical value to state fleet managers.

This scan aims to identify practical insights that may support cost management, improve access to reliable equipment, and reduce long-term maintenance expenses. The findings will provide agencies with documented lessons learned and serve as a reference when considering strategies to extend fleet replacement budgets.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 14:49:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681240</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Federal Transportation Funding Utilization by States and Strategies to Maximize Efficient and Effective Use</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2666776</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Federal requirements translate into higher project delivery costs compared to when state departments of transportation (DOT) use non-federal funds for projects. As a result, the share of federal versus non-federal investments of total national transportation investments may be less. To maximize federal funding impact and improve investment strategies among state DOTs and other recipients, an inventory and analysis of best practices is needed. This inventory would assist state DOTs with implementation of the next transportation reauthorization.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to scan and analyze practices by state DOTs and partners that maximize the return on investment of federal transportation funds. Practices may include strategic program and project prioritization processes, aligning federal and state priorities for federal discretionary grants, or coordination efforts among states and partners through fund source swaps (federal for state) or other means to better align the use of federal funds.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2026 20:44:35 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2666776</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Strategic Approaches to Managing Emerging Transportation Infrastructure Assets Through Public-Private Partnership</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2658058</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Oklahoma is currently undergoing major transportation infrastructure network expansions statewide yet faces unique challenges especially in low population regions with insufficient travel demand and questions of economic viability. This project aims to develop a business case for the management of emerging transportation infrastructure assets for different regions in Oklahoma by analyzing best practices from other states, assessing the interdependence between infrastructure assets and travel demand, and evaluating innovative funding and partnership models. The project will focus on charging infrastructure for alternative fuel vehicles as the use case. The research will identify strategies to reduce long-term maintenance cost, increase technology adoption, and prioritize locations for infrastructure expansions based on short-range and long-term community needs and economic impacts. Key tasks include a (1) comprehensive literature review and policy benchmarking, (2) vulnerability, interdependency, and accessibility analysis, (3) key stakeholder engagement, (4) economic and technical feasibility analysis, (5) development of asset management strategies and implementable guidelines for Oklahoma DOT and its partners. The anticipated outcomes include actionable recommendations to support the long-term financial viability of transportation infrastructure asset management, promote access, and foster economic growth in different communities. Overall, the proposed research will analyze the economic feasibility of emerging transportation infrastructure asset management strategies through cost-benefit assessments and investment justifications, strengthening the case for federal and private funding. Its alignment with national priorities and ODOT’s goals ensures the findings are both timely and impactful. Based on the results, ODOT may need to revise Oklahoma’s Transportation Asset Management (2022-2031) and Long Range Transportation (2022-2031) plans to incorporate updated guidelines on financial viability, location priorities, and infrastructure life cycle management. Implementing these changes before future expansions will improve efficiency and ensure smoother project delivery. The results will directly contribute to the state’s mission of building a safer, more reliable, and efficient transportation system.  ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2026 13:43:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2658058</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quick-Response Research on Long-Term Strategic Issues. Task 56. Student Fare Programs to Increase Ridership</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636148</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Public transportation agencies across the U.S. have implemented student fare and pass programs in order to broaden their ridership base and provide new agency revenue streams. There exist a wide variety of programs and fare offerings for both university and secondary students, with different goals and funding sources.  Research suggests that exposure to high-quality transit in one’s 20s and 30s increases the likelihood of using transit later in life. Encouraging transit use by students can have positive long-term ridership impacts for the entire transit industry. 
TCRP Synthesis 131 examined university pass programs in a limited way in 2018. Since then, many more agencies have adopted these programs. Student fare programs vary widely depending on transit market, regional operating structure, fare systems, and types of institutions served.
Public transit agencies seeking to adopt new student fare programs or expand an existing program face uncertainty regarding costs, program feasibility, impacts on ridership and operations, and overall benefits. Research into the wide variety of student fare programs would assist in these evaluations.
The objective of this research is to provide information to assist transit agencies and policymakers in adopting and expanding student fare programs. The study should: Examine student fare programs at agencies and in regions of varying sizes, serving a range of student populations (secondary, community college, university, etc.); Examine funding mechanisms for student fare programs; Identify successful partnership models between transit agencies, and between agencies, schools and higher education; Evaluate program successes in terms of ridership impacts and travel behavior changes; Evaluate the operational impacts and challenges of student fare programs; Investigate transit operator/other worker perspectives; Assess opportunities and challenges for scaling student fare programs in different types of communities (urban, suburban, rural).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2025 20:08:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636148</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Feasibility Assessment of Family-Friendly Transit Fares</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636141</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Families face a range of challenges when navigating public transportation systems in the United States, and those challenges extend far beyond fare payment. While many agencies have implemented individual fare capping to improve affordability, current fare structures, policies, and system designs do not reflect the full set of needs associated with traveling with or as a family. Issues related to strollers, boarding with small children, ride-free policies for young riders, school-age access, seating and space constraints, accessibility for caregivers and dependents, and other family-oriented considerations all contribute to inconsistent or difficult user experiences across agencies.

These gaps have significant implications for household mobility and affordability. In 2023, transportation accounted for an average of $13,174, or 17 percent of annual income, for U.S. households—making it the second-largest expenditure after housing. Without clear, consistent, and family-friendly transit policies, families often encounter financial and practical barriers to using public transportation for daily travel. These challenges can influence household travel behavior, potentially reducing ridership, limiting children’s independent mobility, and undermining agencies’ goals related to equity, customer experience, and community access.

At the federal level, there is increasing emphasis on improving safety, affordability, and the overall ease of travel for families. Recent research—such as the forthcoming TCRP B-53 report, Addressing Public Transportation Needs of Women and Families—identifies many of these concerns, but agencies lack practical, operational guidance on how to address them. The opportunity now is not simply to restate the needs, but to determine how agencies can operationalize family-friendly policies and practices within existing service, infrastructure, and fare systems.

Given these dynamics, there is a clear need for research that examines how transit agencies can develop and implement family-friendly transit policies, including but not limited to fare capping. Such research should consider policy, governance, operational, technological, customer service, and accessibility factors, and should identify models that agencies of different sizes and contexts can realistically adopt.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2025 20:00:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636141</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Funding and Financing for Public Transportation at the Local, Regional, and State Levels



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636145</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this research is to develop a resource that presents and analyzes current and emerging options for operating and capital funding and financing for public transportation services in the United States. The resource should address local, regional, and state funding and financing options for the near- and long-term and serve large, medium, and small public transportation agencies in urban and rural areas. The primary audience for this resource includes public transportation agencies and relevant stakeholders. The resource should address: (1) Update TCRP Report 129. What has evolved regarding public transportation funding and financing during the past 20 years. More specifically, What are trends in how public transportation is funded and financed? 
What factors drive different trends? Based on the typology presented in TCRP Report 129, which options were widely pursued and implemented over the last 20 years, and what were the key strengths and shortcomings of these options? What new and emerging funding and financing options exist, and which options have not been widely adopted? (2) Funding shortfalls. How are shortfalls in capital and operating funding affecting public transportation agencies in the United States?  How are funding shortfalls being mitigated and what lessons have been learned from the post-COVID “fiscal cliff”? (3) Local and regional support for public transportation.  What is the range of local and regional funding mechanisms, and how do these mechanisms relate to the characteristics of different areas? (4) State options for public transportation funding and financing.  How do states differ in their current roles and in the opportunities they provide for funding and financing public transportation? (5) Partnership opportunities.  How can public transportation agencies develop and leverage partnerships to expand funding and financing options for public transportation? What public and private funding and financing approaches have been identified and secured for public transportation? (6) Implementation strategies. What analyses and communication strategies have public transportation agencies used to demonstrate the impacts of funding shortfalls and the need for funding? Given limitations on directly advocating for funding, how can public transportation agencies navigate funding discussions to maintain existing funding sources and secure new ones?  How can state and national associations communicate with and educate stakeholders about the need for increased and more stable funding and financing for public transportation?]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2025 19:55:17 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2636145</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Practices. Topic 57-14. Practices Related to Cost Estimating for Early Project Development Phases</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2630497</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Most state departments of transportation (DOTs) develop early-stage cost estimates during planning and programming phases to support budgeting, project selection, and funding requests. These early estimates are typically developed using conceptual or parametric methods due to preliminary project scope and limited information about design development. Despite their widespread use, state DOTs vary significantly in how they perform, manage, and document these estimates.

A 2025 national survey of over 30 state DOTs revealed wide differences in estimating tools, methodologies (e.g., parametric, bid-based), adjustment techniques for inflation and scope changes, and communication of estimate uncertainty. Many agencies reported low confidence in their parametric estimates, highlighting a need for improved data, training, and standardization.

While recent research addresses model accuracy, construction cost indices, and stochastic estimation techniques, resources do not appear to document how state DOTs implement conceptual or parametric estimating practices. Understanding how these practices vary in data sources, staffing, estimation policies, and integration into decision-making is important for identifying potential gaps that could guide future research.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this synthesis is to document current state DOT practices for developing, managing, and applying cost estimates during early project development phases, including estimation methods, tools, data sources, staffing responsibilities, adjustment techniques, and integration of early estimates into programming and decision-making processes.

]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Nov 2025 16:09:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2630497</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analyzing the accessibility to safe and connected biking infrastructure facilities: an equity perspective</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2626987</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Having designated cycling facilities is crucial to the safety of cyclists, and together with desirable connectivity, it is deterministic to encourage more multimode active mobility. However, this zero-emission, healthy, cost-saving, and community- engaging mobility option is not equally accessible to communities with different socioeconomic status. Built upon existing studies which make primitive attempts on exploring the geographic distribution of the length of bike lanes, this study aims at exploring how socioeconomic factors explain the variability of the quantity of facilities, the quality of facilities, and the connectivity of facilities across different neighborhoods. This project will use the City of Lincoln as a living lab and perform data-driven analysis based on asset inventory data, field data, and census data.
The field data will be creatively collected using a data collection system developed by the researchers before. The study is expected to generate evidence-based policy suggestions, which are planned to be discussed with stakeholders for consensus-backed executable items in technology transfer activities. This project timely responds to the ongoing Lincoln Bike Plan by the City of Lincoln and the County of Lancaster and is well aligned with USDOT’s strategic goals and MATC’s missions, such as “equitable mobility for all” and “net zero emissions”, to name a few.

]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 15:13:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2626987</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Synthesis of Information Related to Airport Practices. Topic S01-33. Practices for Determining Landing Fees at General Aviation Airports</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2621998</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Airports across the United States face increasing pressure to develop sustainable funding sources while maintaining fair and competitive pricing strategies. Landing fees represent a significant potential source of revenue, yet there is little consistency in how these fees are established or structured. Non-primary and non-hub airport sponsors do not have a standard way to determine general aviation landing fee schedules that balance operational and capital costs, market competitiveness, and stakeholder expectations. Recent ACRP reports have addressed topics related to airport operations and finance, but not specifically the determination of general aviation landing fees at non-primary and non-hub airport sponsors. Other industry research tends to focus on commercial service airports or on general airport funding strategies without a detailed examination of landing fee methodologies. This synthesis will focus on the unique considerations and challenges faced by non-primary and non-hub airport sponsors.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this synthesis is to document practices for determining and implementing general aviation landing fees levied by non-primary and non-hub airport sponsors. The audience for this synthesis is airport sponsors.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2025 19:25:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2621998</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Guide for Advancing Weather-Resilient Infrastructure Investment in Airports</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2588323</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this research is to develop a guide that helps airport practitioners justify and prioritize investments related to weather-resilient infrastructure. The guide will utilize existing tools, technologies, and methodologies to validate and convey the financial benefits of developing or updating airport facilities to enhance their resilience against weather events. The guide will be supported with a WebResource for developing a business case, with interactive modules and a logical workflow. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 12 Aug 2025 10:09:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2588323</guid>
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