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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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      <title>Using Linked Data to Explore the Accuracy of Crash Reported Injuries of Minors</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2640191</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Police crash reports often provide the first record of injury severity for minors involved in motor vehicle crashes, yet these reports may not always match clinical assessments. Differences between the reported level of injury and the medically confirmed level can influence emergency response decisions and limit the usefulness of crash databases for safety analysis. This project will link crash data from the Connecticut Crash Data Repository with hospital discharge and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) datasets to compare police reported injury codes with medically derived measures. The analysis will document where inconsistencies occur and examine how factors such as crash location, agency type, passenger protection, and driver behavior relate to reporting accuracy.

The linked dataset will cover crashes involving minors from 2015 through 2024 and will support regression based evaluations of injury classification accuracy across multiple contexts. By identifying sources of error, the study will help improve data quality and support better training and data collection procedures for law enforcement and partner agencies. The resulting insights will strengthen statewide injury surveillance systems and guide the development of safety strategies for children and adolescents.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Dec 2025 13:50:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2640191</guid>
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      <title>Formative Research and Resources to Prevent Cannabis Impaired Driving Among Teens and Young Adults</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2205309</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Driving under the influence of cannabis is illegal in the United States and remains a significant public health problem, particularly for young drivers.

Young cannabis users may perceive cannabis as a safe alternative to drinking and driving. Among high school students, cannabis impaired driving may be more prevalent than alcohol impaired driving. Almost half of teen drivers who use cannabis reported driving after using cannabis (Li L, Hu G, Schwebel DC, Zhu M. Analysis of US Teen Driving After Using Marijuana, 2017. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Dec 1;3(12):e2030473). A random survey of nighttime drivers in British Columbia, Canada found that while 4.6% of all drivers tested positive for cannabis, the rate was highest (6.4%) among drivers aged 16–24 (https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-04/CCSA-Cannabis-Driving-Implications-for-Youth-Summary-2015-en.pdf).

Despite the magnitude of this problem, there are still many gaps in our understanding of young adults’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs; the contexts in which they make the decision to drive while impaired; and what interventions are promising for promoting safer driving behaviors.

Research suggests that interventions focused on parental monitoring, knowledge, and support can help protect against risky behaviors, including driving or riding under the influence. Formative research that addresses adolescent and young adult social norms, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions are needed to help prevent cannabis impaired driving. Similarly, it is also critical to examine the body of work describing interventions that involve parents of teens/young drivers, state highway safety offices (SHSOs), high schools, universities, employers, and others, along with the efficacy of them.

For the purpose of this project, (1) “cannabis-impaired driving” includes the use of impairing substances in conjunction with cannabis (poly-drug impairment), and (2) “parents of teens/young drivers” includes other caregivers.

The objectives of this research are to: (1) design and implement formative research to identify (a) social norms, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions related to cannabis usage and driving for teens and young drivers (beyond teen years); and (b) evidence-based approaches and models to support parents of teens/young drivers, SHSOs, high schools, universities, employers, cannabis dispensaries, and others in talking with teens and young drivers about cannabis impaired driving and impaired driving laws; and (2) develop educational resources, interventions, and messaging that (a) support parents of teens/young drivers, SHSOs, high schools, universities, employers, cannabis dispensaries, and others in talking with teens and young drivers about cannabis impaired driving and impaired driving laws; and (b) provide information directly to teens and young drivers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Jul 2023 12:54:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2205309</guid>
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      <title>Alive at 25 Young Driver Education Program Effectiveness Evaluation</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2083793</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The goals of this project include: (1) To evaluate the efficacy of the Alive at 25 defensive driving program in Idaho; (2) Examine degree of consistency among instructors and course delivery methods throughout the state; (3) Assess changes in participant perception toward risky driving; and (4) Use driver records data to explore relationship between driving behavior and educational 
intervention.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Dec 2022 15:26:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2083793</guid>
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      <title>The Gap Effect in Conditionally Automated Driving</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1705266</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Attentional disengagement and reengagement is critical in automated driving, where drivers may need to move attention to and from the dynamic driving task. This study investigates the application of the gap effect to attention in the context of automated driving. A previous SaferSim research project (Gaspar & Shull, 2019) showed that it was possible to produce the gap effect in automated driving by extinguishing a secondary task display 300ms prior to a takeover request. However, these faster look up times in the gap condition resulted in a detrimental impact in terms of subsequent takeover performance and response time. The goal of this proposal is to investigate the gap effect in the context of conditionally automated driving for younger and older adults.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2020 08:08:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1705266</guid>
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      <title>Alertness Maintaining Task (AMT): Effects on Driving in Healthy Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1229306</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Negative effects on driving accuracy and safety have been clearly demonstrated during conditions of distraction or when drivers are engaged in a competing task (e.g., cell phone use). However, more recent studies suggest that certain types of cognitive tasks (Alertness Maintaining Tasks, AMTs) can be used in situations of driving fatigue to actually increase alertness and reduce driving errors in younger drivers. Although the use of AMTs holds promise in this area, research on the effects of these tasks on driving performance in older drivers or drivers with pre-existing cognitive impairment has not been completed. A better understanding of the possible utility of AMTs in these two populations is clearly important, given these individuals' higher risk for driving errors and crashes. This pilot proposal compares three groups of individuals (young, healthy old, patients with mild cognitive impairment) using a STISIM driving simulator for an extended period of time to induce fatigue, followed by alternating driving and driving plus AMT conditions. The trivia-based AMT used in this proposal is presented via a Ford Automotive Sync System to allow for auditory task presentation and verbal responding. Participants also will undergo heart rate monitoring while using the STISIM, a brief neuropsychological test battery, and self report measures of fatigue and performance to better understand possible group differences. This project will combine efforts from the Department of Psychiatry, School of Engineering and Ford Automotive Company. The data from this pilot study will be used for future larger scale collaborative studies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jan 2013 13:39:21 GMT</pubDate>
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