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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Empirical assessment of land use and other policy impacts on freight facility location choices in California</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2702676</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The rapid expansion of warehousing and logistics activities in California has reshaped land-use patterns and placed substantial pressure on transportation systems and nearby communities. Growth in e-commerce, supply chain restructuring, and regional economic development incentives have contributed to an uneven and largely uncoordinated proliferation of freight facilities. Although these facilities support regional economies, their concentration heightens concerns about congestion, safety, air quality, and the availability of quality job opportunities. Local and regional governments struggle to anticipate these impacts because they lack empirical tools to link policy actions to freight facility siting decisions. 

This project develops an integrated framework to evaluate how land-use (LU), transportation, and economic development policies influence the location of freight facilities in California, and how these patterns relate to economic and social outcomes. The research compares three regional case studies spanning 20 years, integrating semi-quantitative policy analysis, satellite imagery-based LU classification, and spatial econometric modeling. Expected results include a geospatial database linking freight facility development with LU and policy environments, empirical evidence of policy-driven LU and logistics trends, and indicators describing the social and economic impacts of freight facility proximity. The findings will support state, regional, and local agencies in designing policies that improve goods movement efficiency while minimizing local impacts, thereby contributing to California's economy.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 16:42:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2702676</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Health-Aware Edge Computing for Durable Autonomous Transportation</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696026</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Across global markets, transportation systems are rapidly evolving toward automation, pervasive sensing, and intelligent decision-making capabilities. These advancements are often designed primarily around traditional metrics, such as safety, throughput, and cost. Modern autonomous and semi-autonomous systems introduce new types of human exposures (e.g., fatigues, cognitive stress, motion discomfort) and new system constraints (e.g., battery degradation, vibration-induced wear, thermal loads). If left unmanaged, these exposures degrade long-term system performance, reduce user trust and adoption, and impose hidden lifecycle and health costs. This project proposes a new research paradigm for Health-Aware and Durable Transportation Systems, enabling through advanced technologies in autonomous driving, edge computing, and optimized machine learning. We envision that transportation systems can be engineered to actively sense, model, and mitigate human and mechanical exposures, turning transportation into a joint human-machine health ecosystem. The research objectives include: 1) develop joint occupant/vehicle exposure models that quantify health and mechanical burdens, 2) enable adaptive autonomy strategies that mitigate cognitive stress, fatigue, and mechanical wear, and 3) build edge computing framework for efficient inference and control.  ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 17:32:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696026</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Promoting Teachers' and Young Learners' Engagement of Transportation Issues</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2652184</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project will develop, implement, and distribute standards-aligned curriculum that focuses on real-world transportation issues to include stormwater runoff and erosion mitigation and air quality issues. The curriculum will serve as educative curriculum materials (ECM) for teachers as they engage students with research-based instruction focused on Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) and transportation industry research and recommendations, science content ideas (e.g., water cycle, erosion), and non-science considerations (e.g., economic, ethical, social, legal). The curriculum will also profile the authentic work of TTI researchers, other science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)  professionals, and the characteristics of their work. Research will be conducted on how professional and curriculum development affects knowledge bases and practices, and how implemented curriculum impacts students’ knowledge of science and engagement of real-world societally important scientific issues.   ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Jan 2026 14:13:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2652184</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Comprehensive assessment of alternative fueling system supply chains in the heavy duty trucking sector</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495007</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project examines production supply chains for fueling systems of heavy duty vehicles.  The project uses life cycle analysis (LCA) and extends the method to consider impacts beyond energy consumption and associated emissions, including wider societal impacts, such as air emissions generated in the production or operations process, or labor conditions for those engaged in raw materials extraction or component production.  The project builds on current research that is developing prototype supply chains and identifying “hot spots” for particular impacts.  The purpose of the research is to examine strategies for relocating resource extraction, production, and manufacturing activity to reduce overall impacts.  The case of electric batteries for trucks is used to estimate the effects of taking advantage of locations with cleaner energy mix or more robust labor standards, as for example onshoring manufacturing to the US.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2025 18:42:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495007</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluating and Implementing a New Standardized Spatial Risk Index (SSRI) for Network Vulnerability in the US</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495002</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Natural hazards can disrupt road networks, daily activities, and disaster response capacity. Identifying high-risk areas is crucial for effective preparedness and response planning. While the literature addresses road network performance risks, it lacks insight into the spatial patterns and their impact on network performance. Additionally, the social vulnerability component and its implications have not been fully explored. Therefore, this project proposes evaluating and implementing a new Standardized Risk Index (SSRI) metric developed by the team that combines the road network performance and the potential impact of multi-hazard risks, especially on vulnerable communities. Specifically, the SSRI assesses how sharp or distributed risks are, quantifies the magnitude of impact resulting from the network topology, and identifies the critical pieces of infrastructure to prioritize investments in adaptation and mitigation strategies. The SSRI depends on the road network's topology, the natural hazard expected losses from historical data, and the socioeconomic characteristics of the population. The project will implement the SSRI in jurisdictions in the U.S. with the top 20% most significant risk of eighteen natural hazards and their spatial distribution. The method and results can assist planners in identifying and prioritizing actions and determining whether an entire city requires full attention to
improve its resilience or just some specific areas within the city. The project will also develop an interactive web portal to display the results.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2025 16:36:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495002</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analysis of Changes in the Activity Prisms of Individuals to Predict a Shared Life Experience Metric Over Different Regions and Sociodemographic Groups</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2440050</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Technology has changed individuals’ travel behavior and time-use in many ways. As much as it offers variety of benefits to societies, it may add to social exclusion, since the need for travel is being replaced by a click of a button in cell-phone. People do not feel the need to leave their home to carry out their tasks. They work from home, they order their items online, and even if they want to attend a meeting, they no longer are obliged to travel. Technology, in fact, creates an invisible bubble around individuals, which the size and the thickness of the bubble may vary across different individuals and households. Wouldn’t this make people feel lonelier and more excluded? Research shows that equity in transportation and mobility is closely tied to happiness and well-being. Ensuring that transportation systems are accessible, affordable, and inclusive can lead to reduced stress level, improved quality of life, better health, and greater opportunities, all of which contribute to greater happiness in communities and societies. Public policies, urban planning, and social factors all play a role in shaping this complex relationship. In their earlier works, the researchers have discussed Shared-life Experience (SLE) metric, where they defined it as the likelihood that individuals would interact with others due to their travel patterns; and the researchers also highlighted the importance of travel and access to transportation in having a higher SLE. In this project, the researchers aim to expand the concept in three ways: (a) the researchers define a new SLE metric which is based on the activity prisms of individuals; (b) the researchers analyze the changes in the SLE metric in the individual level over multiple years, using City Wide mobility data that is collected annually; (c) the researchers run a probabilistic analysis to predict changes in the SLE metrics to identify how different regions and different sociodemographic groups will be impacted by. The results of the analysis will identify the most vulnerable areas and groups of people.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Oct 2024 16:10:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2440050</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of a High-resolution Statewide Socio-demographic, Land Use and Economic Development Framework for Transportation Planning</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2434093</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The research is geared towards developing a standardized high resolution state-wide socio-demographic, land use and economic development model that will provide stakeholders with a framework analogous to the Florida Standard Urban Transportation Model Structure (FSUTMS) model. The research team, in consultation with the project manager and the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) statewide Planning office personnel, will generate a universal template of variables that will be useful for the statewide framework. For the universal template built, the research team will generate socio-economic, land use and economic development variables for a spatial resolution that can be directly employed for local jurisdictions and statewide models. With this overall vision, the specific objectives of the project are as follows: 1. Establish a universal template of socio-demographic, land use and economic indicators useful for the statewide framework for an appropriate spatial resolution to interact with existing transportation planning frameworks. 2. Develop and validate an algorithm to generate socio-demographic, land use and economic indicators employed in transportation planning and economic development analysis using public data sources for a pre-determined base year. 3. Employ the validated algorithm developed to generate future socio-demographic, land use and economic indicators in 5-year increments from 2025 through 2050.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Sep 2024 07:35:27 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2434093</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Incorporating Public Health Outcomes into the Transportation Planning and Decision-Making Process



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2381746</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The integration of public health outcomes into transportation planning and decision-making processes is essential to create sustainable, resilient, and healthy communities. Transportation directly impacts public health outcomes, including physical activity levels, safety, and access to everyday destinations. Everyday destinations refer to places associated with access to work, school, recreation, and food. Policies and decisions related to transportation infrastructure, land use, and the built environment can have different impacts on public health outcomes that can lead to health disparities. Evaluating the effectiveness of policy interventions and successful practices for incorporating public health considerations is crucial for improving transportation planning processes.  

Several challenges exist in incorporating public health outcomes into the transportation planning and decision-making processes. Public health agencies and transportation agencies often operate with limited collaboration and coordination. The limited interdisciplinary cooperation poses challenges in aligning public health goals with transportation plans and policies. There is limited documented research on successful collaborative efforts and strategic partnerships between public health and transportation organizations, though the two are closely linked. While some health evaluation tools exist, there is a need for tools that can be readily integrated into transportation decision-making from concept development to post-implementation. This may include tools such as evaluation frameworks, methodologies, comprehensive data, and metrics. 

Transportation decision-makers need research-derived tools to help determine the public health outcomes of transportation projects, inform policies, and help prioritize proposed projects. 

The objective of this research is to develop a guide that details how to (1) integrate public health outcomes into transportation decision-making and resource allocation; and (2) assess positive public health outcomes related to physical activity, mobility options, and access to everyday destinations. The guide shall include an evaluation framework and metrics and be accompanied by a spreadsheet tool. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 May 2024 14:34:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2381746</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Social Norming for Seat Belt use</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2256371</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this Task Order is to provide the basis for one or more future social norming occupant protection programs. To this end, it will involve creating a set of documents, based on review of existing empirical research and theory pertaining to social norming in traffic safety and other domains, to inform the development and implementation of social norming programs to increase seat belt use. The documents will include a practitioner’s resource for social norming program development, two social norming strategy frameworks to guide future program development, two implementation plans to guide the implementation of the social norming strategies, and theory-based assessments of two current or previously conducted social norming traffic safety programs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Sep 2023 13:26:29 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2256371</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Advancing Equity and Congestion Relief:  An Investigation into On-Demand Shared Rides for Under-served Populations</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2250700</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transportation network companies (TNCs) and microtransit are changing the way people travel by providing dynamic, on-demand mobility that can supplement public transit and personal vehicle use. Early research suggests that TNCs can expand access and mobility for underserved communities, such as racial minorities and persons with disabilities. However, heavy TNC use among all socio-demographic populations could contribute to increased vehicle miles traveled, congestion, and/or greenhouse gas emissions. Well-designed policy strategies are needed to balance the objectives of increasing mobility and access for underserved communities while simultaneously mitigating the potential adverse impacts of increased TNC usage through policies such as pooling and first-mile and last-mile linkages. However, more research is needed to better understand the mobility gaps and needs of underserved populations to identify potential strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of TNCs and other on-demand transportation services and make the services more equitable. This part of the project proposes to employ a mixed-method approach to examine on-demand transportation services for underserved populations with a focus on shared-ride services. A series of interviews and a literature review will be conducted, identifying individual narratives and lived experiences to put the flesh into quantitative analysis. The study will deploy a national mobility survey and conduct analysis to uncover current shared mobility user patterns and possible relationships to transportation equity. This study will inform why certain socio-demographic populations are more likely to use on-demand transportation services, particularly shared mobilities, factors that contribute to user behavior, and potential strategies to maximize equitable access and mobility offered through these services while mitigating potential adverse impacts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 Sep 2023 15:17:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2250700</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Formative Research and Resources to Prevent Cannabis Impaired Driving Among Teens and Young Adults</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2205309</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Driving under the influence of cannabis is illegal in the United States and remains a significant public health problem, particularly for young drivers.

Young cannabis users may perceive cannabis as a safe alternative to drinking and driving. Among high school students, cannabis impaired driving may be more prevalent than alcohol impaired driving. Almost half of teen drivers who use cannabis reported driving after using cannabis (Li L, Hu G, Schwebel DC, Zhu M. Analysis of US Teen Driving After Using Marijuana, 2017. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Dec 1;3(12):e2030473). A random survey of nighttime drivers in British Columbia, Canada found that while 4.6% of all drivers tested positive for cannabis, the rate was highest (6.4%) among drivers aged 16–24 (https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-04/CCSA-Cannabis-Driving-Implications-for-Youth-Summary-2015-en.pdf).

Despite the magnitude of this problem, there are still many gaps in our understanding of young adults’ knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs; the contexts in which they make the decision to drive while impaired; and what interventions are promising for promoting safer driving behaviors.

Research suggests that interventions focused on parental monitoring, knowledge, and support can help protect against risky behaviors, including driving or riding under the influence. Formative research that addresses adolescent and young adult social norms, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions are needed to help prevent cannabis impaired driving. Similarly, it is also critical to examine the body of work describing interventions that involve parents of teens/young drivers, state highway safety offices (SHSOs), high schools, universities, employers, and others, along with the efficacy of them.

For the purpose of this project, (1) “cannabis-impaired driving” includes the use of impairing substances in conjunction with cannabis (poly-drug impairment), and (2) “parents of teens/young drivers” includes other caregivers.

The objectives of this research are to: (1) design and implement formative research to identify (a) social norms, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions related to cannabis usage and driving for teens and young drivers (beyond teen years); and (b) evidence-based approaches and models to support parents of teens/young drivers, SHSOs, high schools, universities, employers, cannabis dispensaries, and others in talking with teens and young drivers about cannabis impaired driving and impaired driving laws; and (2) develop educational resources, interventions, and messaging that (a) support parents of teens/young drivers, SHSOs, high schools, universities, employers, cannabis dispensaries, and others in talking with teens and young drivers about cannabis impaired driving and impaired driving laws; and (b) provide information directly to teens and young drivers.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Jul 2023 12:54:39 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2205309</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>RES2024-01: Public Messaging and Behavior Change Systems for Circular Economies</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2192561</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Roadside litter makes the roads visually unpleasant and is associated with social, economic, and environmental issues. It can cause safety and operational issues, such as traffic flow interruptions and safety hazards to road users (1, 2). Littering has been a concern in the United States since the 1950s, and many federal, state, local, and volunteer efforts have been taken to address this problem (3). According to the 2008 American State Litter Scorecard (4), Tennessee is among the ten worst-performing states. Since 1983, Tennessee has evolved with various litter prevention programs aiming to keep Tennessee beautiful.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jun 2023 12:25:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2192561</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Analysis of Changes in Time Use and Activity Participation in Response to the COVID-2019 Pandemic in the United States: Implications for Well-being</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2087515</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research project aims to investigate the well-being implications of changes in activity-travel and time use patterns brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study uses American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data from 2019 and 2020 to assess changes in activity-travel and time use patterns. It applies two methods – a well-being scoring method and a time poverty analysis method – to evaluate the impacts of these changes on society. The results show that individuals experienced diminished well-being during the pandemic even when their time poverty statistics showed an improvement; this is because the pandemic did not allow individuals to pursue activities in a way that would enhance well-being. In general, well-being is positively associated with the pursuit of discretionary activities in the company of others in favored out-of-home locations. This explains why people have rapidly embraced traveling again in a post-pandemic era. At the same time, people desire more discretionary time (less time poverty); because the elimination of the commute contributes to this, workers are reluctant to return fully to the workplace. Planning processes need to account for a new normal in which activity-travel patterns will be increasingly shaped by the human desire to accumulate positive life experiences.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Mar 2023 12:25:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2087515</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Distribution of Potential Benefits across Stakeholder Groups for Shared Electric Vehicles Serving Multi-University Commute Travel</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2008007</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transit, shared mobility, and vehicle electrification serve as major enablers of transportation decarbonization. Several shared mobility have been offered in the US and abroad, with a major focus on implementation on university campuses and at airports. However, combined offerings of shared and electric vehicles providing on-demand service rather than route-based service are still 
forthcoming. In this proposed project, we will assess the greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potential and potential equity impacts of the deployment of shared electric vehicles servicing student, faculty, and staff commute travel to and from three university campuses), REDACTED assess the distribution of accessibility benefits across these cohorts and across demographic groups within these cohorts, and characterize the policy implications of widespread implementation of such university transportation systems. This research project will (1) identify the potential users and use cases of shared electric vehicles serving university commute travel; (2) estimate the potential for GHG reduction and other benefits for different technology deployment and policy scenarios; (3) assess the distributional differences of the estimated benefits across stakeholder groups; and (4) recommend measures to remove barriers to adoption of shared electric vehicles and increase equitable shared electric fleet programs. In this project, the three teams will conduct a survey of potential users of shared and electric fleet. To this end, all three campuses will utilize the large scale transportation survey data to obtain sociodemographic and travel behavior characteristics of the students, staff, and faculty. To characterize energy use and emissions from the existing transportation system and the system after the anticipated shift in commute activity to shared-use vehicles will be conducted using MOVES-Matrix and the Georgia Tech Fuel and Emissions Calculator (FEC). The team will assess how these costs and benefits are distributed across the student, faculty, and staff user groups by income, race, and other demographic factors. The results of this project can be used in long-range planning for shared electric programs in complex, multi-stakeholder institutional environments.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Aug 2022 18:26:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2008007</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Attitudes and Trust in Leveraging Integrated Sociotechnical Systems for Enhancing Community Adaptive Capacity – Phase IV</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1984228</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Historically, disaster preparedness efforts have focused on hardening physical infrastructure and encouraging stockpiling of resources within individual households. More recently, community social infrastructure – shared spaces and local organizations that support community life – and strong social networks have been recognized for their importance in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. However, despite this potential, community organizations and other forms of social infrastructure are not necessarily involved in disaster preparedness efforts, nor is the building of community social networks addressed in standard, top-down approaches to preparedness. Social capital, mobilized via social ties, and social infrastructure can serve as a kind of “backup” for physical infrastructure when it fails. As managers, shapers and regulators of public space, planners have an important role to play in strengthening the state of community social infrastructure. This study is situated in a dialogue that draws from literature in three areas: 1) the role of social ties and social capital in disaster preparedness and response; 2) the potential role of social infrastructure in disaster scenarios; and 3) the integration of urban planning and hazard mitigation planning. The primary research question explores the potential for resource matching at the local level – how can social ties and social infrastructure help to meet community members’ essential needs in a disaster scenario? To answer this question, the research team investigates patterns related to resource needs and anticipated resource-seeking behavior across three communities. Situated in Washington State, this study is focused on a potential earthquake scenario such as a magnitude 9.0 Cascadia Subduction Zone event, which would cause significant disruption to conventional modes of resource access and leave communities dependent upon local resources. The team approaches community disaster preparedness planning from a resource-matching perspective, by understanding what resources people might need and how they expect to access them in the case of a disaster. Using data gathered from a sample survey conducted in three Washington State communities, the team explores respondents’ expectations regarding where they might turn to meet essential needs in a disaster. The team finds that while preparedness with specific resources varies between communities, common trends in resource seeking can be identified, with a strong anticipated reliance on social ties and stores.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jun 2022 09:46:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1984228</guid>
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