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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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    <atom:link href="https://rip.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Enhanced Understanding of Concrete Pavement Performance</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2731921</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Michigan’s wet-freeze climate causes pavement durability issues such as freeze-thaw scaling, while salt exposures
significantly impact the long-term performance of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements (JPCP). These environmental stressors
initiate joint staining and can progress to joint spalling, eventually lead to structural failures like shear cracking under traffic
loads. Structural inputs like slab thickness and modulus of rupture govern mechanical performance, while durability factors
influence how a JPCP pavement degrades over time. These material properties affect roughness and service life. In addition,
the University of Michigan (UofM) Center can provide specialized technical expertise and examinations related to further development of its pavement
design program, specifically as it relates to Pavement Mechanistic-Empirical Design (PMED).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2026 13:20:05 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2731921</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Alternative Constituent Materials for Use in Low-Carbon Cement Concrete – Part II</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2716607</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) needs performance-based guidance to implement low-carbon concrete while maintaining durability, safety, and service life under Massachusetts exposure conditions, including deicing salts and freeze–thaw cycling. OBJECTIVES:  The objective of this project is to evaluate emerging binders, admixtures, and alternative constituent materials as lower-carbon alternatives to traditional cementitious systems for MassDOT highway concrete, while maintaining or improving constructability, strength, durability, and service life. Key objectives include: Review current practices, knowledge gaps, and implementation barriers for EBAs in highway concrete; Characterize hydration, microstructure, and phase development in EBA-based cement systems; Develop MassDOT-relevant concrete mixture designs incorporating EBAs and alternative materials; Evaluate fresh, mechanical, and durability performance of the selected mixtures. Validate promising mixtures through field-relevant mock-ups and support implementation guidance.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2026 09:55:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2716607</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SPR-5130: Computational Tool for Estimating the Service-Life of Concrete Decks and Slabs</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2709431</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this implementation project is to deliver a calibrated and accessible computational tool that the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) can use to estimate the service life of concrete bridge decks, one-way continuous solid slabs, and T-beam bridges, and to evaluate maintenance and rehabilitation scenarios. The model methodology, developed under Joint Transportation Research Program (JTRP) projects 4840 and 4526, captures the long-term effects of construction defects, environmental exposure, and common maintenance actions on deck performance, enabling prediction of the evolution of deck condition ratings under different deterioration and intervention scenarios. A user manual and user interface will be developed, and several illustrative case studies will be prepared.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Jun 2026 13:33:47 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2709431</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Integrating Temporary Bridges into Maintenance and Modernization Strategies of Bridge Infrastructure Assets</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696148</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Temporary bridges are critical lifelines built to ensure continuity of service during
major renovation projects of ordinary bridges or following natural disaster
emergencies. Differently from ordinary bridges, which are expected to be in
service for 75 years, these structures have a service life of 5 years. In a time in
which investments in existing bridge maintenance and repair are expected to
increase by 58%, from $14.4 billion annually to $22.7 billion annually (ASCE,
2021), it is essential to plan investments on a risk-informed basis. Establishing a
methodology to conduct performance-based and cost-effective designs of
systems with a short service life is fundamental to properly inform the
management of large assets, where overdesigns at a large scale would lead to
uneconomical solutions. Nevertheless, to date, a nationwide consensus on the
most appropriate hazard level to adopt nationwide for the seismic design of
temporary structures is yet to be established. This project will build upon previous research of the PI supported by the California Department of Transportation (Petrone et al., 2025; Kashizadeh et al., 2025a; Kashizadeh et al., 2025b), which provided recommendations for the design of temporary bridges employing light superstructure in California. This research will substantially broaden the scope, by carrying out suites of risk analyses on a wide range of bridge typologies employed by the Departments of Transportation across the nation, for different site conditions, and levels of seismicity. Collectively, this effort will offer a robust performance-based and risk-informed foundation for updating current design provisions for temporary bridges, an often overlooked yet critical component of resilient transportation networks. In a broader sense, the methodologies developed through this project will go beyond the design of temporary bridges and be applicable to other short-service life infrastructure systems, expanding relevance and applicability of this research.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 19:33:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696148</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2320 Service Life of Bridge Deck Repairs using Flood Coats</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2606528</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The purpose of this research is to address the premature deterioration of bridge decks due to a combination of shrinkage-induced cracking, cyclic loading from traffic, and chemical ingress from deicing salts. These factors not only reduce the structural service life of bridge decks but also impose significant maintenance costs on state infrastructure budgets. A widely used technique to address such deterioration is the application of epoxy or methyl methacrylate (MMA) flood coats. These materials are designed to penetrate surface cracks, seal voids, and prevent ingress of moisture and salts. However, concerns remain regarding the long-term performance of these coatings due to their brittleness, temperature sensitivity, and limited bonding durability under cyclic environmental and loading conditions. This study proposes a comprehensive investigation into the service life and performance characteristics of conventional epoxy and MMA coatings and two emerging advanced materials: (a) alumina nanoparticle (ANP)-modified MMA, and (b) a ceramic polymer coating known as CeramycGuard.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Oct 2025 10:09:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2606528</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>SPR-5014: Polymeric Overlays Performance Assessment</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2601507</link>
      <description><![CDATA[INDOT seeks to evaluate/predict polymeric overlay effectiveness, including analyzing non-destructive test results and the influence of bridge and environmental factors, how often polymeric overlays contracts involve a warranty, optimal warranty period, and effect of changes in polymeric overlay specification and schedule. Information on nationwide practices will be solicited. The study outputs will include methods to estimate polymeric overlay longevity, the role of warranties, and project delivery recommendations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Sep 2025 16:03:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2601507</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Retrofitting TxDOT Prestressed Box Beams with Composite Cast In Place Concrete Deck</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593186</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The research team will develop and evaluate retrofit strategies for existing Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) prestressed box beam bridges by integrating a composite, cast-in-place concrete deck. Numerous such bridges, constructed without a concrete deck, exhibit longitudinal cracking, leakage, and maintenance challenges. Retrofitting with a composite deck will address these issues while improving structural performance, facilitating bridge widening, and increasing service life. The research team will include a literature review, cost comparisons, and preliminary analytical modeling to assess retrofit feasibility. Experimental testing will be conducted to evaluate retrofit techniques including doweled stirrups, surface roughening with a saturated surface dry (SSD) substrate, and other appropriate retrofit designs that improve shear key-deck/overlay composite action. Full-scale testing and numerical analyses will validate the structural behavior of the retrofitted system. The research team will provide TxDOT with detailed design recommendations, including analysis methods and design details for implementation. The expected Technology Readiness Level (TRL) for this project is 8.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Aug 2025 12:32:40 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593186</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Comparing Resistivity and Conductivity in Metal Culverts</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2582927</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Currently, the New Mexico Department of Transportation (NMDOT) uses the “2018 NMDOT Culvert Resistance Spreadsheet” (CRS) when estimating the service life of culverts. The values of resistivity in the CRS for different types of culverts of varying material (steel, concrete, aluminum, plastic, etc.) and of varying wall thickness with different corrosive inhibitor coatings were collected from manufacturers’ specification literature. With all these manufacturers’ values being reported in resistance (ohm-cm), it was assumed that the electrical conductance (milliSiemens per meter, mS/m) values reported by the Natural Resources Conservation Services (NRCS) for soils throughout New Mexico were indirectly proportional to each other, based on Ohm’s law. Furthermore, the resistivity of the soil is determined in-situ adjacent to the culvert and the values reported by NRCS are from electrical conductivity (EC) tests conducted in a lab from field-collected soil samples. These two methods, in-situ and laboratory are significantly different in procedure and produce values of different units, ohm-cm (resistivity) and mS/m (conductivity), respectively. It is assumed that the laboratory test is more accurate than the field tests, which will be evaluated in this proposed project. Providing a better understanding of and evidence that these two methods, although different, produce results that are indirectly proportional to each other will enhance NMDOT’s continued usage of their CRS when calculating service life of culverts.

OBJECTIVES: The main objectives of this proposal are as follows:

Conduct a literature review of similar work on culvert service life estimation coupled with field and laboratory analysis. Research various (inexpensive and expensive) in-situ and laboratory soil testing equipment to be used for this study and then provide recommendations for NMDOT;
Test various (inexpensive and expensive) in-situ and laboratory soil testing equipment on approximately 20 sites throughout New Mexico;
Compare service life estimates to existing removed culverts with soil samples tested in-situ and in the laboratory and measure corrosive effects on these removed culverts;
Validate the assumptions made in NMDOT CRS for culvert service life estimates; 
Adjust the CRS if needed.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 05 Aug 2025 13:13:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2582927</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Modeling and Assessment of the Remaining Service Life for Steel Bridge Piles in Michigan</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2562264</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Steel piles have been widely used in bridge construction in Michigan. Most common are 12” & 14” inch H-pile sections, and 10”,
12” , 14” and 16” diameter pipe pile sections. Corrosion of the steel piles is becoming a major concern for the bridges, especially for
those being in service for over 50 years. The localized corrosion of steel pile foundations may result in considerable loss of loadbearing
capacity and eventually could lead to the collapse of the structure. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the
population of in-service steel piles, and prediction of pile corrosion is essential to avoid excessive deflection or failure. However,
there are certain challenges to investigate the corrosion of steel bridge piles, including but not limited to: Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) does not have a
comprehensive inventory of the number, type, and age of steel piles currently in service. Existing soil type and groundwater levels
and details of the pile sections used needs to be extracted case by case from as-built plans. (1) On-site measurement of corrosion
extent is difficult and not cost-effective, especially for those steel piles buried in soil. Moreover, the measurement over a certain area
of the steel pile may not be reliable due to pit corrosion. The pit corrosion is usually concentrated in a small area, but it can be more
dangerous than uniform corrosion damage. (2) The corrosion of steel piles is influenced by numerous factors: (a) Soil resistivity. Resistivity, which is the reciprocal of conductivity, indicates the corrosion current carrying ability of the environment. Typically, lower
soil resistivity promotes a higher corrosion rate and level of steel piles. (b) Chemical composition of soil. Chemical composition of the soil is of key importance to understand the influence of soil on corrosion of buried steel. Chlorides (>100 ppm) and sulfates (>200
ppm) have been identified as indicatives of corrosive soil in Federal Highway Administration guidelines for mechanically stabilized earth walls. Chloride ions, which directly participate in the anodic reaction of corrosions, could be a major threat for bridges in Michigan due to the large amount of de-icing agent applied in snow season. (c) Moisture content. Moisture is necessary for corrosion. Therefore, highest level of corrosion is usually found in water table fluctuation zone. (d) Bacteria. Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC), an electrochemical corrosion affected by the presence of biological agents, can also severely degrade the steel surfaces. (e) Pile type and loading history. The material, dimension and loading history of the steel piles can have impact on
their corrosion rate. (3) There is no widely accepted method to predict pile corrosion. Current single variable or multivariable
regression models do not consider all factors listed above, and thus lack generalizability. More importantly, the corrosion
environment in Michigan may require its unique regression model. With these unsolved issues, the threat of influencing factors
cannot be ranked. (4) There is lack of accurate prediction of the remaining load-bearing capacity of corroded steel piles. While
several methods (AISC, AISI-EWM, AISI-DSM, etc.) have been developed, the localized corrosion as well as stiffness change make their assumption invalid and cause conservative prediction of the remaining life. (5) Many retrofit or repair techniques have been
implemented for strengthening the corroded steel piles, but a detailed cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) for those techniques should
be conducted to minimize future construction cost in Michigan. Based on the above discussion, it is essential to investigate the
effect of various factors on corrosion rate of steel bridge piles and predict the remaining load-bearing capacity of corroded piles.
Consequently, proper repair technique can be applied at appropriate time to maintain and prolong the service life of bridges in
Michigan.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jun 2025 14:44:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2562264</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Probabilistic Methods for Service Life Design of Steel Bridge Elements

</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2558382</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide Specification for Service Life Design of Highway Bridges (HBSLD-1) and Guide to Bridge Preservation Actions (BPA-1) have had a positive impact on state departments' of transportation (DOTs) ability to design concrete structures to achieve a target service life. Within HBSLD-1, resistance to chloride-induced corrosion deterioration in concrete has been calibrated based on full probabilistic service life modeling. However, current design methods for structural steel take the form of deemed-to-satisfy provisions based on past practices and historical performance without probabilistic calibration. A more rigorous probabilistic method using a deterioration model for steel structures is desired to achieve improved reliability to meet the selected target service life. The model would allow steel elements to be designed for service life demands (e.g., environmental exposure conditions) in addition to other AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications limit states. Research is needed to develop and validate deterioration models for steel bridge elements.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research is to develop a calibrated probabilistic deterioration model for design to make informed decisions about the target service life of nonrenewable steel bridge (NSB) elements under varied corrosion protection strategies and environmental conditions.  ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 28 May 2025 14:10:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2558382</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Guide for Roadway Material Designs for Public At-Grade Highway-Railroad Crossings



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2558368</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There are over 200,000 at-grade highway-railroad crossings in the United States. Railroad companies report that the average life of a crossing is only 7–10 years, depending on rail and road traffic loads. Some only last 3 years. Railroads repair or replace 10,000 to 15,000 railroad crossings each year at $50,000 to $75,000 per crossing. The annual estimated combined cost to the railroads and state departments of transportation (DOTs) can exceed $750 million to $1 billion. This high cost is typically shared by the railroads and the responsible road authority (e.g., the state, county, or local transportation department) and presents a challenge for transportation agencies across the United States. 

One contributing factor in road degradation at railroad crossings is the instability of the foundation of the road as currently designed. Crossing material is supported by ties and ballast. Depending on the road material used, the material is typically fastened to ties via lag screws. The heavy weight of the rail traffic causes vertical movement of the rail and ties due to track modulus of elasticity. Over time with traffic, the ballast will wear, causing the rail to sink. Compounding this constant movement, the lag screws are moving in the ties along with water degradation around the lag screws, causing the lag screws to loosen. All this motion will degrade the road surface. This contributing factor is recognized by the American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association (AREMA) Manual for Railway Engineering, Chapter 5, Section 8.4.1. 

Research is needed to identify alternative road material designs that improve safety, create smoother at-grade railroad crossings, lower maintenance costs, prolong the life of the crossings, and reduce road crossing closure times. 

The objective of this research is to develop a guide that assists state DOTs and rail stakeholders in selecting and implementing roadway material designs for at-grade railroad crossings that improve safety and ride quality, extend service life, reduce maintenance needs, and minimize roadway closure times. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 26 May 2025 22:53:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2558368</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantify the effect of re-carbonation during the use-phase and end-of-life of concrete pavements</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495001</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project seeks to validate and improve quantification methods and simulation models to better understand CO₂ uptake in concrete pavements during their service life and recycled concrete aggregate at the end-of-life phase. Hydrated cement in concrete has the potential to sequester CO₂ during the use and end-of-life phases through carbonation, a mineralization process where atmospheric CO₂ reacts with alkali products like portlandite to form stable carbonates. Pavement systems have significant potential for carbonation due to their constant exposure to the environment, the use of preservation methods like diamond grinding that repeatedly expose fresh hydrated cement, and the stockpiling of crushed concrete at the end of its life, where the increased surface area can enhance carbonation. However, systematic methods for quantifying and addressing this uptake in transportation systems is lacking. In this work, the research team will use laboratory characterization of carbonation depth, analysis of factors influencing RCA carbonation in stockpiles, and validation of diffusion-based models to better inform consideration of carbon sequestration in concrete. By considering regional climate variations and assessing the impacts of preservation practices, this work aims to inform sustainable pavement management practices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2025 16:36:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495001</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Analysis of 2018-2024 Network Level Pavement Structural Testing with the TSD</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495008</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) is a device used to measure the structural response of pavements while traveling up to the prevailing traffic speed. Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has previously collected data on more than 8,000 lane miles of its roadway network using the TSD. This study seeks to combine thickness data from ground penetrating radar (GPR) and VDOT traffic data to calculate the remaining structural life of the network tested between 2018 and 2024 and to upload the data to VDOTs Pavement Management System.  ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Jan 2025 10:49:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495008</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Long-Term Maintenance Needs and Costs of Green-Colored Pavement Markings and Flexible Post Delineators</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2485225</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In recent years, Virginia localities have expressed interest in installing two specific bicycle infrastructure elements: green-colored pavement markings on bicycle facilities and flexible post delineators (referred to as flexposts) along separated bike lanes to improve visibility and safety. However, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) lacks information on the long-term maintenance costs (for both green-colored pavement markings and flexposts) and does not have a policy on installing green-colored pavement markings due to the lack of formal provisions in the presently adopted 2009 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices and 2011 Virginia Supplement. This study will assess the use of green-colored pavement markings and flexposts in Virginia to help localities and VDOT make informed decisions concerning which types of bicycle treatments they can reasonably maintain and to inform their maintenance budgets.  

This study will include a literature review of the existing research regarding both design and maintenance considerations and specifications for green-colored pavement markings and flexposts (in the context of bicycle and, less commonly, pedestrian infrastructure). A screening survey will be disseminated to VDOT Districts and Virginia localities that maintain their own roads to identify locations of either infrastructure element. A more in-depth interview of maintenance and operations personnel will be conducted to gather information regarding the materials used and their applications, along with maintenance costs, frequency, labor, and equipment. In addition, three to five case studies will provide specific examples of installation costs and maintenance frequency, costs, labor, and required equipment.

The information gathered will be utilized to develop a range of lifecycle costs, a table showing the estimated frequency of maintenance, and a table depicting the pros and cons for each of the studied bicycle and pedestrian treatments.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Dec 2024 11:09:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2485225</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantifying the Life Cycle Cost Implications of Preservation Treatments</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2479849</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Pavement engineers and researchers are in agreement that considerable savings can be obtained by adopting a pavement preservation approach. Pavement preservation provides a means for maintaining and improving the functional condition of an existing pavement segment through application of a preventative and responsive set of treatments that slow deterioration or correct isolated defects and thus increase the length of time between major rehabilitation projects which will benefit roadway users and decrease costs related to project administration. These treatments are designed to prolong the service life of the surface or near-surface layer without adding significant structural capacity to the pavement structure. One challenge for preventive maintenance strategies is that it is time-sensitive. Premature or delayed maintenance activities result in unnecessarily high maintenance costs.

The effects of preservation treatments are measurable and should be reflected in the overall models of pavement performance. Figure 1 shows a typical performance curve that illustrates the effects of applying preventive maintenance treatments. While the effects of preservation are easy to illustrate, their implementation and measured benefits are not as easy to quantify for various reasons.

This research proposes a framework for quantifying the effects of preservation treatments on pavement service life and life-cycle costs with a guide document to facilitate implementation of the framework. The proposed framework will investigate the adequacy of the use of collected condition variables such as cracking and rutting of asphalt pavements and cracking and faulting of concrete pavements to quantify the lifecycle cost implications of preservation treatments between pavement management sections that received them and those that did not. In addition, incorporating these cost implications in asset management systems would provide a means for promoting the use of preservation treatments and optimizing the allocation of resources. The findings from this study will be of immediate interest to state pavement design and maintenance engineers and others involved in the different aspects of pavements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Dec 2024 15:51:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2479849</guid>
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