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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
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    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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      <title>Impact of Leading Pedestrian Intervals on All Users</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2608462</link>
      <description><![CDATA[A leading pedestrian interval (LPI) refers to a traffic signal phase wherein pedestrians receive the right-of-way prior to vehicular movements that are required to yield. During the remainder of the pedestrian phase, both vehicle and pedestrian movements may occur simultaneously. The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) signal timing team regularly receives requests to implement LPIs, which are traditionally considered straightforward measures to enhance pedestrian safety at intersections. Nonetheless, UDOT has encountered varying research findings regarding LPIs, with some studies highlighting potential safety concerns. As a result, UDOT remains cautious about widespread LPI implementation. According to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), theoretical benefits of LPIs include improved visibility for crossing pedestrians, fewer conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians, and increased motorist yielding. However, potential drawbacks include the possibility of increased pedestrian-vehicle interactions, necessary restrictions on right turn on red (RTOR), reduced green time for vehicles, decreased operational efficiency, and greater complexity in signal timing. The primary concern is the risk of conflicts between right-turning vehicles and pedestrians, particularly regarding the need for "No Right Turn on Red" (NRTOR) restrictions when LPIs are implemented. UDOT is also interested in evaluating compliance with NRTOR controls.
The purpose of this research is to assess LPI installations within Utah through a before-and-after analysis. The outcomes will inform the development of formal departmental guidance for future LPI implementations, addressing the current absence of documented procedures due to inconclusive evidence on the efficacy of LPIs.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2025 17:38:46 GMT</pubDate>
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      <title>Turn-on-Red Prohibitions for Dual Right-Turn Lanes</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593920</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The project will examine right turn on red at signalized intersections where there are two right-turn lanes. Researchers will study the impacts of different right-turn-on-red configurations at various locations on safety performance and traffic level of service by analyzing crash and traffic data as well as observing travel behaviors at selected intersections. The researchers will develop recommendations for right-turn-on-red policies, helping transportation agencies to improve traffic safety and travel efficiency as well as ensure consistent practices across Illinois Department of Transportation districts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 28 Aug 2025 09:56:04 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593920</guid>
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      <title>Proactive Assessment of Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety at Intersections Through Video Analysis of Right Turn on Red Maneuvers</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2401739</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Intersections are critical points in urban traffic systems where different modes of transportation converge, including vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists. However, despite efforts to improve safety measures, intersections remain sites of significant risk, particularly for vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. One significant contributing factor to this risk is the practice of right turn on red (RTOR) maneuvers, which can introduce conflicts between turning vehicles and pedestrians or cyclists crossing the intersection. RTOR maneuvers at intersections represent a convenience for motorists but often pose significant safety risks for pedestrians and cyclists. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop innovative strategies that leverage advanced technology, particularly video data analysis, to better understand and mitigate the risks associated with RTOR maneuvers at intersections. Utilizing safety surrogate measures, such as post-encroachment time (PET), offers distinct advantages over relying solely on crash history data. These measures provide real-time insights into potential safety risks, offering a more comprehensive understanding of near-misses and risky behaviors, and enabling a proactive approach to intersection safety management that can effectively mitigate hazards and improve overall safety outcomes. By utilizing PET, extracted from continually collected video data available to the research team, this research also seeks to capture the severity of RTOR-related near misses, providing valuable insights for targeted safety interventions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2024 14:54:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2401739</guid>
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      <title>Evaluating the Performance of Right-Turn-On-Red Operation at Signalized Intersections (with single and dual right-turn lanes)</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1513308</link>
      <description><![CDATA[NCHRP Research Report 1068: Right-Turn-on-Red Site Considerations and Capacity Analysis: Practitioner's Guide presents quantitative models for estimating right-turn-on-red (RTOR) volume and capacity. The developed tools will be of interest to state departments of transportation (DOTs) seeking a consistent approach to analyzing RTOR volume, individuals analyzing traffic control devices and/or maintain highway design manuals, and those who need to estimate RTOR volume and capacity for various traffic analyses purposes. Under NCHRP Project 03-136, “Evaluating the Performance of Right-Turn-On-Red Operation at Signalized Intersections (with Single and Dual Right-Turn Lanes),” Iowa State University was asked to (1) evaluate methods for evaluating RTOR at signalized intersections (right-turn configurations including shared, single, and dual right-turn lanes); (2) develop methods and tools that consider all modes and inform planning and operational decisions; and (3) provide potential modifications to standard references in the HCM, NCHRP Report 812: Traffic Signal Manual, and the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). The developed volume and capacity models enhance the state of the practice on RTOR design, support the HCM on RTOR volume estimation and site selection, and provide a better estimation of the delay due to RTOR movements. The output of volume estimation models developed in this study can be directly integrated into existing HCM analysis tools.

In addition to NCHRP Research Report 1068, several deliverables that support its implementation are available on the National Academies Press website (nap.nationalacademies.org) by searching on NCHRP Research Report 1068: Right-Turn-on-Red Site Considerations and
Capacity Analysis: Practitioner’s Guide. (1) NCHRP Web-Only Document 368: Right-Turn-on-Red Operation at Signalized Intersections with Single and Dual Right-Turn Lanes: Evaluating Performance, summarizing the project’s scope, objectives, steps, and research findings, as well as implementation guidelines; (2) two spreadsheet tools for practitioners’ use: one applies the RTOR model to a limited set of intersection configurations and allows for volume estimation based on various input scenarios, and the other provides an integration of the RTOR volume calculations into the HCM Computational Engine; and (3) a PowerPoint presentation summarizing NCHRP Research Report 1068.

NCHRP Web-Only Document 368: Right-Turn-on-Red Operation at Signalized Intersections with Single and Dual Right-Turn Lanes: Evaluating Performance is available at: DOI: 10.17226/27264

NCHRP Research Report 1068: Right-Turn-on-Red Site Considerations and Capacity Analysis: Practitioner's Guide is available at:  DOI: 10.17226/27131]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 21 May 2018 21:42:30 GMT</pubDate>
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