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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>F1Tenth Autonomous Training Platform, Courseware and Community Activities</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2586804</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is a continuation of a successful Safety21 project on developing a training community for engineering and ethical skills for developing future autonomous vehicles. This project includes three components - (1) autonomous driving course development with a 1/10th-scale autonomous racecar where students learn advanced algorithms and software development for perception, planning and control of autonomous driving; (2) Community Activities spanning 80 universities which have one or more F1tenth platforms and participate in the international autonomous racing competitions. The research team will host a minimum of 5 competitions in the top robotics, transportation and cyber-physical systems conferences; (3) Development of an ethical framework for using machine learning in life-critical systems.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 07 Aug 2025 14:10:52 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2586804</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Residential Segregation and the Urban Demographic Shift of Pedestrian and Bicyclist Collisions</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2401741</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project addresses the concerning increase in bicycle and pedestrian fatalities, particularly focusing on the disparities experienced by people of color (POC) in these incidents. It builds upon existing literature suggesting links between race/ethnicity and collision rates, aiming to investigate whether such disparities persist even after controlling for other factors like income and neighborhood characteristics. Data collection includes literature review, demographic data on residential segregation, police enforcement data, and pedestrian and bicyclist crash data from multiple states. Spatial analysis and spatiotemporal statistics will identify emerging hotspots of injury risk and shifts over time or space.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jul 2024 14:54:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2401741</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving Livability: Identifying Operational and Access Barriers to Active Transportation in Connecticut Communities</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2321727</link>
      <description><![CDATA["Improving Livability" is a comprehensive research initiative focused on identifying and addressing disparities in walking and biking conditions across Connecticut communities. The project is motivated by rising pedestrian and cyclist fatalities, often tied to historical development patterns and uneven infrastructure investment. This research will include a literature review and data analysis to examine differences in transportation safety related to factors such as race, ethnicity, and income. It will assess variations in access to safe infrastructure for active transportation and develop methods to evaluate safety outcomes, accounting for both reported and underreported incidents.

The project includes two phases: the first involves gathering and preparing data using crash records, U.S. Census demographic information, and land use data; the second phase, proposed for Year 2, will develop econometric models to identify key influences on pedestrian and cyclist safety and create a risk index to highlight high-risk areas in Connecticut. The project will provide practical insights for planners and other stakeholders, including toolkits and strategies to improve mobility and safety. Graduate research assistants will support the work, gaining experience while contributing to the project’s overall goal of making active transportation safer and more reliable for all communities.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jan 2024 12:18:09 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2321727</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Racial and Socioeconomic Inequities in Active Transportation Safety



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1957090</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The project was canceled as a result of two Presidential Executive Orders: Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing (January 20, 2025) and Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity (January 21, 2025).]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 26 May 2022 16:50:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1957090</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Synthesis of Information Related to Highway Practices. Topic 54-20. Advancing Gender Equity in the DOT Workforce</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1953245</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this synthesis was to document current DOT practices related to advancing gender equity in their workforce. Women comprise only 15% of the transportation workforce, and this statistic declines in executive and leadership positions and does not reflect those who may not identify as men or women. For women of color, the numbers are even more disparate. 
This synthesis gathered information through a literature review, a survey of DOTs, and follow-up interviews with selected DOTs. Six case examples provide greater insight into current gender equity practices, barriers to implementation, data collection and accountability processes, and assessment findings. 
Dr. Stephanie Ivey, Ph.D. of the University of South Florida and Susan Gallagher of Montana State University collected and synthesized the information and wrote the report. The members of the topic panel are acknowledged on page iv. This synthesis is an immediately useful document that records practices that were acceptable within the limitations of the knowledge available at the time of its preparation.
The synthesis is available at: https://doi.org/10.17226/27646.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 May 2022 11:13:10 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1953245</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Handbook for Addressing Racial Disparities in the Project Delivery Process</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1915994</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.
 
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 17 Feb 2022 11:00:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1915994</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing and Mitigating Racial Disparities in the Enforcement of Pedestrian, Bicycle, and Micromobility Traffic-Related Laws










</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1864198</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine terminated the subject project and its subaward because its scope of work was not aligned with federal transportation focus areas.


 ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jul 2021 16:59:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1864198</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Guidance for Implementing Equitable Transportation Decision-Making</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1854181</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 May 2021 21:48:16 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1854181</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>How to Assess and Address Equity of Access to Essential Goods and Services



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1854178</link>
      <description><![CDATA[No abstract provided.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 May 2021 23:13:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1854178</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Racial Equity, Black America, and Public Transportation</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1753480</link>
      <description><![CDATA[TCRP Research Report 236: Racial Equity, Black America, and Public Transportation, Volume 1: A Review of Economic, Health, and Social Impacts reviews the literature and summarizes common practices of the 20th and 21st centuries that have had significant economic, health, and social impacts, and the racial gaps that emerged as a result of transportation inequities, deliberate actions, policies, and projects. The report will be of interest to transportation planners, funders, and policy makers at all levels of government, as well as other stakeholder groups. The research report is the first of four volumes to be published under TCRP Project H-59. An overall objective of the transit community is to help develop an enhanced and more inclusive approach to public transportation planning and decision-making that takes into account and acknowledges that public transportation systems of the 21st century have a critical role in addressing and correcting many of the problems caused by a 20th- and 21st-century transportation sector that severely impacted and, in some cases, destroyed Black communities in the building of today’s transportation systems and network. The public transportation community recognizes the need to address leadership and implement policies and practices to redress the harm from the past through policies, funding, and systems of accountability. The objective of Volume 1 is to document the extent of the damage that has been done to Black communities as a result of transportation decisions and actions. Volume 2 will demonstrate a methodology to estimate how much it would cost to redress those damages. Volumes 3 and 4 will provide tools for elected and appointed officials and other stakeholder groups to engage effectively in the arena of transportation policy, planning, and funding at all levels of government. Under TCRP Project H-59, a research team led by the Thrivance Group conducted a review that highlights the role that transportation, especially public transportation, has played in the creation of the gaps; nuances in the evolution and maintenance of segregation; and contemporary practices and policies, including public transportation policing practices, fare evasion, and fare enforcement. While the review acknowledges that inequitable outcomes in public transportation affect other vulnerable groups, the Black experience is highlighted. The research team has included as part of this literature review a section that provides a thematic outline of identity profiles that will inform the development of focus group instruments, social climate analysis parameters, and quantification focus areas, which will then all feed into the development of a formal set of recommended approaches to reparative transportation planning and investment priorities that will be documented in Volumes 2, 3, and 4.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Nov 2020 17:31:31 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1753480</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>F1/10 Autonomous Racing Course and Competition</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1636493</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The course focuses on creating a meaningful and challenging design experience for graduate and senior undergraduate electrical engineering, computer science, mechanical engineering, robotics and embedded systems students. The course involves designing, building and testing an autonomous 1/10-scale model F-1 racecar (with 10 times the fun!) using the NVIDIA Jetson platform for real-time perception, control and planning. In addition to providing read-to-use material as a Teaching Kit, the course will introduce an autonomous racing competition in conferences at Embedded Systems Week 2016 and Cyber-Physical Systems Week with challenges testing speed, agility and tracking performance of the on-board vision and control algorithms.  Modern robots tend to operate at slow speeds when in complex environments, limiting their utility in high-tempo applications. In this course, students will be tasked with pushing the boundaries of unmanned vehicle speed, decision control and response to fast changes in the environment. Students will work in teams to develop autonomy software to race a converted 1/10 scale RC car equipped with sensors and embedded processing around a large-scale, “real- world” F-1 course. The project team's goal is to teach embedded GPGPU programming in a fun context of high-speed autonomous racing but with serious constraints of real-time processing, challenging controls and fast robot planning on the NVIDIA Jetson TK1 and TX1 platforms.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jul 2019 14:51:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1636493</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Equitable access to transit within and across megaregions</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1489041</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is increasing concern about equitable access to transit within, and cross,
megaregions and what this means for access to jobs, amenities, and live in economically and racially diverse neighborhoods. The average household in the United States spends more on transportation than on any budget item aside from housing. How much they spend is strongly influenced by where they live. In many cases, cheaper housing is, by virtue of its location, offset by more expensive transportation. Concerns about location affordability date back decades, but have been gathering steam in recent years.  In this project, the research teams explore how housing and transportation costs, and transportation time, varies by income and race across the nation, and then within three megaregions: Northeast (Boston‐Washington); the Texas Triangle; and Cascadia (Seattle‐Portland).  Together, these three megaregions house a quarter of the national population, and all three regions are witnessing increased housing market pressures which raise important concerns about equitable access to transit. In this project, the team first looks at housing and transportation costs across race and income, and within and across cities and megaregions. Next, the team explores concerns that headlong efforts to integrate location affordability criteria into the siting of new affordable housing risk a collision with fair housing goals and overall access to higher opportunity areas. In essence, the team seeks to answer a simple empirical question: is incorporating location affordability into the siting of new subsidized housing projects tantamount to steering such developments into predominantly African American and Latino neighborhoods? Furthermore, does the answer vary across metropolitan regions, perhaps conditioned by differing spatial patterns of racial and ethnic segregation, housing costs, and transportation infrastructure? Finally, could the goal of decreasing transportation costs reduce a household’s ability to access amenities that directly affect household outcomes within and across markets. Combined these questions explore important equity implications for both including transportation costs into housing goals and vice versa, and provides an important means for exploring the prevalence of transit desserts issues of transportation justice within and across regions. The team asks these questions at a national scale, and then focuses on three megaregions: Northeast (Boston‐Washington); the Texas Triangle (Dallas‐Houston‐San Antonio); and Cascadia (Seattle‐Portland). These megaregions each provide unique venues to explore the relationship between transportation and housing costs. The Northeast represents a series of high cost cities where market pressures and gentrification are pushing low‐income households further from the center of cities and into suburbs or neighboring towns. The Texas Triangle region is home to Dallas, which recently was engaged in a significant fair housing lawsuit, and the subsequent court mandate to affirmatively further fair housing has led to an active debate about when and how to incorporate transit into housing decisions. Finally, Cascadia represents an area where poverty rates have decreased, but the cost of both transportation and housing have increased dramatically, affecting where people live and how they access jobs, schools, etc. Combined these three mega‐regions offer unique lens to explore issues of transportation equity, and the whether and how transportation and housing policies can address these issues.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Nov 2017 12:37:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1489041</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Reidentifying Race and Technology: Streetcars in Nineteenth Century Philadelphia</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1232750</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Discussing Philadelphia's streetcar system with the city council in 1859, Mayor Alexander Henry proclaimed that, "Perhaps no public improvement has ever promised more general benefit to the community." But Mayor Henry did not consider Philadelphia's black residents when he made this statement. Since the city's railway companies barred black people from traveling in the streetcars, the "general benefit" created by streetcars was for the city's white residents. For many of the people watching Philadelphia industrialize in the mid-nineteenth century, the streetcar system represented more than simply a public improvement, it was a symbol of the city's progress. These horse drawn cars that smoothly traveled along iron rails laid down the middle of Philadelphia's streets helped fashion Philadelphia's new identity as a modern industrial city. Being industrial meant creating a built environment that appeared to be part of a modern, technical, and forward-looking culture. Philadelphia's emergence as a progressive industrial city coincided with a reorganization of race relations in the city. A large population of free African Americans, and an increasing number of Irish immigrants attempted to use industrial changes in Philadelphia, such as the development of the streetcar system, as a way to improve their social status. The streetcar system became a focal point in this reorganization of race relations when whites tried to define the new transportation system as a symbol of racial superiority and excluded black people from riding in the cars. Irish immigrants, who often worked as conductors, vigilantly enforced the exclusion of Black riders as a way of aligning themselves with native born whites. African Americans recognized that to be participants in modern industrial society they needed equal access to industrial technologies like the streetcar. Black residents of Philadelphia protested this racializing of the streetcar and the discriminatory practices of streetcar companies by illegally riding in the cars, creating a public dialog about the legitimacy of racial discrimination, and using the courts to confront policies that legalized racial inequality on the streetcars. Between 1859 and 1867 these struggles against the railway companies gradually made headway. Finally, in response to these protests, the state of Pennsylvania passed a law that forced the street railway companies to accept all passengers. This paper will make two scholarly contributions. First, this paper will connect race and technology. Historians of technology have only rarely thought about technology in terms of race. Almost none of the histories of race and technology consider the racial meanings of technology. This paper will explicitly link race and technology by showing how black, white, and Irish groups struggled over the racial significance of the streetcar as a way of creating new hierarchies in the mid-nineteenth century. Second, this paper will explain that when cities undergo technological transformations, as Philadelphia did in the nineteenth century when it industrialized, groups of people have opportunities to reinvent their identities via new technologies and reposition themselves socially. This point is germane not only to nineteenth-century Philadelphia, but also to many US cities today that are shedding identities as industrial cities and reinventing themselves as service oriented cities. Planners and engineers currently reshaping urban geographies across the US need to consider that the technologies they employ will have social implications beyond the obvious practical uses of the technology.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jan 2013 14:44:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1232750</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Sex, Race, and the Journey to Work: Tracking &amp; Testing Convergence &amp; Divergence Trends Using a National Panel, 1985 to 2005</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1227904</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This study uses a powerful, newly assembled panel dataset to update and better integrate the literature on the journey to work and its linkages to gender and to race. Dozens of studies of gender and the commute indicate that while women as a group drive more each year, and tend to take more trips than men, the average male commutes farther and longer. Recent studies show limited signs of convergence, but these vary markedly by race and place. Some have argued that the so-called gender gap in commuting actually only applies to white women, and then only to commute times. Spatial mismatch, an interpretive label for how commute lengths differ with race, is alternatively explained by housing discrimination, or by broader economic and cultural factors affecting the distances between minority (especially Black) neighborhoods and employment. Here, too, there have been recent signs of narrowing, though less so in the presence of job decentralization. While gender differences in labor market segmentation are central to this debate, race and gender are rarely examined together. In his study we will analyze these interdependent trends in tandem using individual-level, longitudinal national data containing rich detail on family structure. We will analyze the national sample from the American Housing Survey, comprising 11 waves from 1985 to 2005. The model specification conforms to urban form theory, the model estimation uses panel techniques, and the potential endogeneity of wages and land costs will be addressed statistically.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jan 2013 13:10:45 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1227904</guid>
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