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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Exploring Post-Crash Care with EMS Response to Impaired Driving Crashes in North Dakota</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2553706</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Alcohol- and drug-impaired driving leads to severe crashes in North Dakota, yet police crash reports lack critical EMS response and patient care data. This study leverages NEMSIS data to assess EMS response times, treatment quality, and patient outcomes for impaired driving crashes. Using statistical analysis, time-series trends, and spatial mapping, the research identifies delays, care disparities, and high-risk locations. Findings will inform EMS resource allocation and improve post-crash care strategies, aligning with USDOT’s safety goals through advanced analytics that will transform foundational knowledge in this space.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2025 15:13:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2553706</guid>
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      <title>Exploring Impaired Driving</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2189210</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project will analyze existing driving data as well as newly collected alcohol and driving data to explore the relationship between driver characteristics and observed driving impairment.  The project will occur in two parts with one component being conducted at the University of Iowa and the second part being conducted at Grinnell College.  The Iowa component will involve pulling together the existing data sets, identifying common data elements that can be analyzed across studies, developing research questions, analyzing the data and reporting.  This also includes plans to submit to the Transportation Research Board (TRB).  The Grinnell component will involve collaboration with Professor Ryan Miller and his two students who will be conducting analyses on the same driving data sets focused on cannabis impairment.  The role will be to support their independent analyses and publication of the data.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 31 May 2023 17:29:55 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2189210</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Lay People's Understanding about Alcohol and Drug-Related impairment</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1886962</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Many substances, such as alcohol, cannabis, illicit drugs, and some prescription drugs, have the potential to impair driving ability, making it imperative to examine people’s understanding and judgments about these impairing effects and their influence on driving. While previous research has shed some light on this topic, this project aims to fill these gaps in the literature by conducting an experimental study to address lay people’s understanding of alcohol and other drug-impairment and impaired driving: What judgments do lay people make about their own and others’ alcohol and other drug-impairment and impaired driving? How does people’s understanding and/or judgments vary by drug type? What is the influence of situational factors on people’s judgments about alcohol- and other drug-impairment and impaired driving? What is the relationship between people’s level of understanding and their judgments about impairment and alcohol- and other drug-impaired driving? To address these questions, the project will recruit participants from an appropriate existing research panel, develop impaired driving-related vignettes for the experiment, develop a questionnaire that gathers information related to the research questions including participants’ general knowledge and understanding of the issue and their judgments of the vignettes, conduct the data collection, analyze the data and produce a final report on the findings. This research has important implications for the traffic safety and will also be useful in informing future research, developing behavioral safety countermeasures, and improving other impaired driving-related systems and processes.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 19 Oct 2021 16:49:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1886962</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Strategies to Address Misreporting of Impaired and Distracted Driving in Motor Vehicle Crashes



</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1864197</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Statistical and analytical models have been widely used to predict the counts and probabilities of crashes at roadway locations with historical crash data. Estimating unbiased models is critical in accurately predicting the counts and probabilities of crashes and allocating funds for traffic safety improvement. However, underreporting or overreporting certain behaviors in crash data, specifically alcohol and/or drug-impaired driving and distracted driving, may result in problematic model estimation results. Underreporting and overreporting impaired and distracted driving can also affect other areas that rely on reported crash data, such as drug recognition expert training, high-visibility enforcement, where to employ saturation patrols, existing laws on cell phone use, and marijuana legislation. Although previous studies have been developed to investigate the effects of misreporting crash data on crash prediction models, most existing studies rely on simulated data, which can be difficult to validate in real-world situations.

 BTSCRP Research Report 19: Strategies to Improve Reporting of Impaired and Distracted Driving in Motor Vehicle Crashes provides procedures for determining the extent of misreporting impaired and distracted driving crashes, as well as methods to improve the reporting of impaired and distracted driving in motor vehicle crashes. Misreporting comprises a variety of issues, including underreporting, overreporting, errors in crash data recording, and misclassification. Guidance and methodologies developed as part of this research will help states and local jurisdictions identify the misreporting of impaired and distracted driving and improve crash data collection and analysis. This report will be of interest to state highway safety offices and other stakeholders concerned with improving the reporting of impaired and distracted driving in motor vehicle crashes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jul 2021 16:49:14 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1864197</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Interlock Enhancement Counseling and Recidivism Reduction</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1667105</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The use of ignition interlock devices as sanctions for driving under the influence (DUI) offenders is widely-used, with much success at reducing DUI recidivism while the interlock is installed.  Unfortunately, this effect is not long-lasting, with recidivism rates returning to baseline after the interlock is removed.  A promising new approach to standard interlock sanctions is the addition of interlock data-informed counseling, in which offenders’ interlock data is used in some manner to inform treatment.  Preliminary indications for interlock data-informed counseling programs appear promising; however, there is much about their effects that is unknown.  For this reason, the current project aims to examine the short- and long-term effects of these programs on DUI recidivism, particularly as they compare to standard interlock sanctions.  Learning more about the effects of interlock data-informed counseling will be useful to States and local jurisdictions in determining program funding for prevention approaches aimed at reducing driving while intoxicated (DWI) recidivism.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Nov 2019 16:42:46 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1667105</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Countermeasures That/At Work Updates</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1656363</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objectives of this project are to develop the 11th and 12th editions of Countermeasures That Work and the 2nd edition of Countermeasures At Work. The Countermeasures That Work guide was originally prepared in 2005 and is now updated biennially with the 10th edition to be published in 2020. Countermeasures That Work addresses countermeasures in the ten program areas of alcohol- and drug-impaired driving, seat belt use and child restraints, speeding and speed management, distracted driving, drowsy driving, motorcycle safety, young
drivers, older drivers, pedestrian safety, and bicycle safety. Each of these topic chapters includes a short background section relaying current data trends that is followed by a description of applicable countermeasures, and an explanation their effectiveness, use, cost, and time to implement. The guide additionally provides a list of resource websites and references for each topic. This project will update the 11th edition, which will be published in 2021, and the 12th edition, which will be published in 2023. The 11th edition of Countermeasures That Work will cover material published in the two-year period between 6/1/2018-5/31/2020, and the 12th edition will cover the interval between 6/1/2020-5/31/2022. The companion document Countermeasures At Work will be published in the interim between the 11th and 12th editions of Countermeasures That Work. The 2nd Countermeasures At Work edition will update the current four- and five-star countermeasure write-ups with new localities that are using the targeted effective countermeasures. The 2nd edition will also add a three-star countermeasure locality synopses.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Oct 2019 14:25:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1656363</guid>
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    <item>
      <title>Drivers’ Performance and Brain Workload Activities after Alcohol Consumption using Driving Simulation
</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1595401</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Highway crashes are a serious social and public health problem across the globe. The issue of alcohol impaired driving is a contributory factor identified as a focal area for the US-DOT, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), as well as other interest groups such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), that have been working on several programs to reduce fatalities and severe injuries associated with driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI). According to the NHTSA, in the United States and Puerto Rico in 2016, 10,497 people lost their lives in crashes where alcohol consumption was present. In the last five years, according to the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), approximately one-third of the deaths involved drivers with blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels higher than 0.08%. Even responsible drivers sometimes struggle with the decision of whether to drive after socially drinking as they consider to be still capable of driving safely.  The proposed research study will address this problem by identifying a set of factors to determine how many drinks a subject can drink and reasonably perceive that can drive safely with the use of the Driving Simulator of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez (UPRM). A new factor included in this research is the drivers’ cognitive workload or brain workload. This variable will be measured using a dry-electrode EEG and the algorithms to measure workload that has been developed by the providers of this type of equipment. The identification of these factors would allow state, local and federal institutions to target specific population groups in their educational and awareness campaigns. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Mar 2019 19:43:48 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1595401</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Toxicology Consultant Services</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1564331</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project aims to facilitate greater interaction between the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the toxicology community, to raise awareness of traffic safety issues, and to increase NHTSA’s knowledge in the area of alcohol- and drug-impaired driving. In support of these goals, NHTSA has contracted for a staff of toxicologists to (a) aid in understanding, studying, and addressing issues related to chemical testing and the impairing effects of drugs and (b) network with colleagues in the forensic toxicology, criminology and medical communities to encourage more interest and activity on traffic safety.
NHTSA expects the toxicologists to assist in four areas: 
(1) Provide technical assistance with data collection to NHTSA's Fatality Analysis Reporting System on cases involving alcohol and other drugs;
(2) Collaborate with NHTSA to developing training information and materials;
(3) Work with NHTSA to develop, prepare, and review communication, presentation, and outreach materials; and
(4) Assist NHTSA with identifying research opportunities as well as coordinating and summarizing research activities.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Oct 2018 16:48:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1564331</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of Crash Modification Factors for DOT Funded Selective Enforcement</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1302460</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research proposes to evaluate the effectiveness of the selective enforcement campaigns in reducing all crashes with a focus on the impact of these campaigns on reducing serious injury/fatal crashes. It is recognized in the literature that enforcement activities have both a temporal and spatial impact on driver behavior, often called the halo effect. The halo effect implies that driver behavior (speeding) is reduced for a time and/or distance from a known enforcement point. This research will examine an officer's patrol pattern during the selective enforcement period to evaluate the effectiveness. This research will focus on the return on investment in terms of crash reductions and reductions in crash severity for selective enforcement. This research will examine the halo effect and the degree to which the spatial and temporal impact crashes and crash severity. This research will develop Crash Modification Factors (CMF) for selective enforcement related to driving under the influence (DUI) and Speeding crashes. The crash modifications factors will be developed, as data supports, to a sufficient depth to submit to the Crash Modification Factor (CMF) Clearinghouse.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Mar 2014 01:00:56 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1302460</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Driver Alcohol Detection System for Safety (DADSS)</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1259591</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This is a cooperative agreement with industry aimed at developing alcohol detection technologies that could have widespread deployment and are non-invasive, reliable, accurate, and precise.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 17 Aug 2013 01:01:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1259591</guid>
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