<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="https://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <channel>
    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
    <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://rip.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
    <description></description>
    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>The Effects of Road Types and Construction Activities on Particulate Matter and Development of Best Practices for PM2.5 Reduction</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2604527</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The research team will evaluate the impact of roads (paved and unpaved roads, and unpaved shoulders) and construction on 2.5 microns (PM2.5) emissions and develop strategies for reduction. Objectives include quantifying PM2.5 emissions from roads and construction sites, identifying high-risk areas using thematic mapping, and designing cost-effective mitigation measures like dust suppression and optimized paving practices. The research team will create a user-friendly decision-support toolkit to help prioritize interventions and assess emission reduction strategies. The project outcomes will provide actionable solutions for air quality planning at both project and regional levels, enabling the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) to meet environmental regulations, improve public health, and reduce PM2.5 impacts. The research team will collaborate with the TxDOT project 0-7256 "Monitoring and Speciation of Particulate Matter Under 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) Composition across Texas Counties" to enhance data collection and analysis, ensuring effective mitigation efforts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 16:24:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2604527</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Identifying Opportunities to Improve Temporary Sediment Basin</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2582218</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Temporary sediment basins are used to control the release of sediment laden stormwater runoff from active construction sites. If temporary sediment basins are constructed according to specifications, it is expected that 60% of sediment will be trapped by the sediment basin. Nonetheless, sediment basins can perform poorly in several instances such as in successive storm events, at sites with fine-grained soils, or due to maintenance issues. Releases of sediment laden stormwater runoff from construction sites can negatively impact the environment and require costly and sometimes time-consuming corrective actions. This project will identify common issues with sediment basins in Virginia and determine potential alternative designs to evaluate for future use in Virginia. First, interviews of Virginia’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System and Environmental Compliance Inspectors as well as personnel from other state departments of transportation (DOTs) will be conducted. Interviews will provide insights into potential common issues with sediment basins as well as opportunities for knowledge transfer. Then, select active sediment basins will be observed to better understand design limitations and contractor installation and maintenance practices. This research benefits the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) by identifying potential sediment basin design shortcomings in Virginia, possible design modifications, and potential opportunities for knowledge transfer.  This research also establishes a basis for future research on potential temporary sediment basin design modifications to improve their performance. ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 27 Jul 2025 10:41:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2582218</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Incorporating Spatial Uncertainty to Advance the Practice of Site-Investigations, Geological-Geotechnical Characterization and TBM Performance Prediction (UTI-UTC 24) 

</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2543418</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This research project addresses the challenges posed by spatial variability and uncertainty in subsurface conditions during tunneling operations. By integrating geostatistical methods with tunneling data, the study aims to enhance geological and geotechnical site characterization and improve the predictive accuracy of tunnel boring machine (TBM) performance. The framework incorporates probabilistic models to quantify and propagate spatial uncertainty across soil and rock interfaces, enabling better-informed decisions during design and construction phases. Case studies involving TBM tunneling projects in Washington, D.C. and Seattle demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, particularly in forecasting ground condition transitions and identifying geohazards such as karstic voids. The methodology supports more reliable risk assessments, adaptive tunneling strategies, and cost-effective infrastructure delivery through improved data interpretation and uncertainty management.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2025 17:56:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2543418</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Guidelines for Resilient Erosion- and Sediment-Control Practices</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2255670</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Construction operations are regulated by the Clean Water Act, which requires construction operators to file for a Construction General Permit (CGP) and develop a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). To maintain compliance with the CGP, construction operators must implement erosion- and sediment-control (E&SC) practices during land-disturbing activities to minimize the transport and discharge of sediment impacts to downstream waterbodies. E&SC practices can incur a considerable cost, estimated to be as high as 8% of the total budget for highway construction projects. Inadequate design and implementation of E&SC practices may lead to penalties, fines, construction delays, legal actions, and increased public involvement. 

Resilient E&SC practices can withstand more frequent and intense rain events while maintaining their efficacy and performance standards. Resilient E&SC practices may involve optimizing current installation approaches to specific site conditions and regions, implementing unconventional E&SC practices with current technologies, and employing new cost-effective technologies and methods.

Research is needed to develop and provide a resiliency-based approach to the design of E&SC practices by identifying and addressing design vulnerabilities related to the performance expectations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or state CGPs. 

The objective of this project is to develop design guidelines for the resiliency-based selection of structural and nonstructural E&SC practices during highway construction and to identify design vulnerabilities influenced by factors such as hydrologic conditions, soil types, slopes, and the drainage area disturbed.


]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Sep 2023 16:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2255670</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>An Agent-based Decision Support Tool to Identify Near-Miss Incidents and Accessibility Issues in Accelerated Bridge Construction</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2221111</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The construction industry workforce carries a large share of the overall industry workforce and experiences very high levels of injury rates, unlike other industries. Based on recent statistics, construction industry experiences nearly one-fifth share of the overall workplace fatalities. Ensuring safety at active construction sites is a major concern all over the world. Construction safety is a complex concept that involves the integration of uncertainties and unknowns associated with construction activities. The construction industry requires expertise from diverse professionals who differ widely in hazard identification, risk perception, and situational awareness . The empirical literature offers extensive analyses of infrastructural, behavioral, and organizational modules on safety practices at construction sites. Many researchers have interpreted construction hazards in terms of site layout screening, construction stages, and activities. The recent paradigm for construction safety relies more on the cognitive models and the behavioral impacts of the construction stakeholders. However, comprehensive safety analyses for active construction sites call for the integration of stakeholder perception along with the site risk screening approach.

Technological advancement has paved the way for predictive analysis of construction hazards. The array of research on modeling of near-miss events has progressed from theoretical analysis to visualization with the help of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) tool. Construction site characteristics vary widely depending on the size and settings. Nevertheless, the components of the site (i.e. workers, materials, equipment, etc.) have similarities in features. Therefore, the concept of site hazard modeling follows the grouping or zoning of the site layout constituents having relevant attributes. A recent study proposed a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model for improving construction site safety and productivity in real-time for static and dynamic site components. Another study used various scheduling intervals to develop cell-based site layout optimization. A cell-based simulation model has also been used to derive the congestion and productivity of an existing site layout using Agent-based Modeling (ABM). On the other hand, Shen and Marks have utilized equipment footprints to determine hazardous zone boundaries in a construction site.

In recent years, accessibility in construction and/or transportation has also been gaining more and more attention from researchers, Transportation Research Board, National Academies, state DOTs, U.S. DOT, ASCE, and the private sector to eliminate adverse impacts experienced by underrepresented and marginalized groups including construction workers. The existing literature appears fragmented and does not provide a system-wide perspective to assess and measure accessibility in construction, both general and accelerated. Although ABC is expected to make construction more accessible and socially equitable, no such assessment technique is currently available. Thus, the proposed decision support tool will be first in the country in the ABC area, providing a system-wide understanding of construction accessibility.

The proposed agent-based modeling (ABM) techniques support the inclusion of complex agent-agent interactions and behavior into the analysis of near miss incidents and accessibility issues associated with ABC projects. Since modeling the construction environment involves construction workers’ attributes, ABM has been preferred by a wide range of researchers to identify latent contributing variables of construction hazards. For example, it has been explored to determine the influence of safety behavior of workers in workplace productivity. ABM models have also been used to investigate a comparative analysis of the efficiency of different types of safety investments. On the other hand, some researchers have identified the impact of the worker-management relationship on the overall safety behavior of workers. While these studies provide insights on integrating human behavior into the modeling framework and reveal the potential of ABM, however, in many instances, the incorporation of construction site components (such as movement of workers, equipment, materials, among others), environmental (such as weather conditions), and other characteristics are missing, especially in the context of ABC.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:14:32 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2221111</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Use of 3D Seismic Waveform Tomography with SPT Source for Geotechnical Site Characterization </title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1942306</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The objective of this project is to develop a robust 3D SPT-seismic FWI algorithm and GUI module for geotechnical site characterization. The algorithm developed through this project will provide 3D high-resolution images of substructures to any SPT depths (down to 150’). The GUI module will be transferred to FDOT for future site investigations for many purposes, including identifying top of rock/bearing layer and problematic soils, detecting sinkholes/voids, and assessing varying site conditions]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 18 Apr 2022 14:05:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1942306</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing Efficacy of Amphibian and Reptile Exclusion Fence (AREF) to Prevent Herpetofauna, with Emphasis on Houston Toad, from Entering Construction Zones</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1790526</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The federally endangered Houston toad (Bufo/Anaxyrus houstonensis) occurs within the Yoakum, Bryan, and Austin TxDOT Districts. When a construction project occurs within the range of the Houston toad, TxDOT must consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under Section 7(a)(1) of the Endangered Species Act, unless 3 years of surveys are conducted to determine if the construction area is absent of the Houston toad. TxDOT has developed and is using a toad exclusion fence (TEF) design for preventing the Houston toad from entering construction zones as part of those USFWS consultations. However, the efficacy of the TEF design and use has not been studied in the field. There is also potential to expand the applicability of the TEF to other herpetofauna (reptiles and amphibians). TxDOT needs to understand the efficacy of the TEF to prevent herpetofauna from entering TxDOT work areas. It is important for the TEF to exclude herpetofauna to prevent mortality of the Houston toad and other herpetofauna.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Mar 2021 15:43:34 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1790526</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Applying Small UAS to Produce Survey Grade Geospatial Products for DOT Preconstruction &amp; Construction Activities</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1672437</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent advances in small unmanned aerial systems (UASs) and sensing technologies have enabled relatively low cost and effective surveying methods for preconstruction, construction, and slope sites. However, the commercial software that accompanies these technologies produces inconsistent and unreliable survey results and there are no guidelines for ensuring the quality of the data. Without proper guidelines and specifications, repeated surveying at a designated area over time (e.g., construction site with periodic data collection) is not ideal.   This research proposes to develop a comprehensive set of guidelines, specifications, and recommendations for producing survey-grade geospatial products using UAS solutions for applications in preconstruction, construction, and slope sites.  This research is a systematic approach to the implementation of UASs with nonmetric and LiDAR sensors. The produced guidelines, specifications, and recommendations that result from the work will enable this implementation to be accomplished so that accurate and useful data are available. Moreover, the final products will enable the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) UAS Utilization Workgroup to develop a department-wide implementation plan.    ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Dec 2019 15:54:06 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1672437</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Route and Site Characterization Using Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagery</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1339691</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transportation agencies spend enormous sums of money each year in assessing the appropriateness of alternative highway alignments or other transportation related construction sites, both from the standpoint of constructability and environmental impact. These assessments could be simplified and more focused if planners possessed a screening tool that could graphically illustrate surface and subsurface features such as potential wetland areas, springs and seeps, slope instabilities, etc. over a wide geographical area. The technology exists to create such a screening tool by analyzing the ground's reflectance and adsorption of the non-visible light spectrum. However, the interpretation of this spectral imagery must be calibrated to known conditions before it can be useful for the prediction of ground features. This calibration process has not been done for the State of Arkansas, but the data currently exists as a result of previous MBTC projects to do it for limited areas within the state. Once various important ground features are identified from spectral imagery they can be incorporated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) along with other cultural socio-economic and political attributes to create a robust planning tool for transportation related construction projects.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 01:29:44 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1339691</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development of a Vacuum-Filtration-Based Method for Rapid Measurement of Total Suspended Solids in Stormwater Runoff from Construction and Development Sites</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1251920</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Stormwater discharges from construction and dewatering sites can carry large sediment loads resulting in highly turbid water. The Environmental Protection Agency established a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for construction-related runoff (i.e., turbidity < 280 NTU) in 2009. However, this limit has subsequently been removed pending further review. On the other hand, many states have issued NPDES permits with total suspended solids (TSS) limits (e.g., Nebraska requires TSS &amp;#8804; 90 mg/L). Since standard TSS measurement requires a time-consuming laboratory procedure, it is imperative to develop a method for rapid, cost-effective, and reliable measurement of TSS in the field. The goal of this research is to develop a vacuum-filtration based method for rapid measurement of TSS in stormwater runoff from construction and dewatering sites. The specific objectives (&amp; tasks) are to:  (1) Make a vacuum-filtration system for rapid TSS measurement. The system will consist of: (a.) a pipette tip filled with a layer of glass fiber to retain suspended solids (particles > 2 &amp;#956;m) but allow dissolved solids (particles < 2 &amp;#956;m) and water to pass through. (b,) An electronic repeating pipette. It can produce a repeatable vacuum so that the sample volume passing through the glass filter will only depend on the properties of the sample (e.g., TSS). (2) Test the system for artificial and real stormwater runoff to establish the method. Artificial runoff will be made up of silt, clays, and sand of different combinations. Real stormwater will be sampled from several construction sites. The project will establish calibration curves of TSS vs. the passed water for different runoff mixtures. The performance, statistics, and cost effectiveness of the method will be evaluated. The research is a significant, initial step in tracking TSS in the field.  The method should be rapid, cost-effective, reliable and easily commercialized.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 2013 01:01:41 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1251920</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Improving Highway Work Zone Safety</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/1228380</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This proposal describes a multi-discipline approach for conducting research on the improvement of highway work zone safety, which is a pressing issue face the nation. Researchers with diversified expertise from Kansas, North Carolina, North Dakota, and Texas will collaborate to study drivers' behavior and develop an intelligent warning sign system, the best safety practice for contractors, and work zone safety education and training programs. Field experiments will be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed intelligent warning sign system. To broaden the impact of this research project, the research team will distribute research results through journal publications, conference proceedings, conference presentations, workshops, professional meetings, and community gatherings. In addition, a website will be created to report on the project's progress and results in a timely fashion as well as to promote research collaboration and outreach to other researchers, students, industries, government agencies, and the general public.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Jan 2013 13:19:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/1228380</guid>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>