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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
    <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
    <atom:link href="https://rip.trb.org/Record/RSS?s=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" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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    <language>en-us</language>
    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
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      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Efficacy, Advancement, and Monitoring of Carbon Fiber Composite Cable (CFCC)</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2724770</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Carbon Fiber Composite Cable (CFCC), and the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) materials are being used for prestressing
applications in Michigan bridge rehabilitation and replacement projects with the most recent generation of CFCC is a 0.7-inch strand
configuration. The quantity of stands is similar to conventional strands, and concomitant updated design criteria. Determining the
efficacy of the new 0.7-inch CFCC strand long-term behavior is essential for future design and construction considerations.
Monitoring the CFCC elements in newly constructed bridges (with 0.7-inch strands) and some prior construction (from OR14-039)
will provide an understanding of the long-term behavior and realizations of recommendations on future designs, and continued
considerations of field deployment.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jul 2026 10:05:57 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2724770</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Full-Scale Performance Evaluation of a Modular, Lightweight, UHPC Panel System for Repair of Corrosion-Damaged Steel H-Piles</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2695941</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project directly supports the mission of the Center for Healthy and Durable Transportation (CHDT) by advancing innovative, implementable solutions to extend the service life of aging bridge infrastructure. The research focuses on developing and validating a modular, lightweight ultra-high-performance concrete panel system (UHPC-PS) for rehabilitating corrosion-damaged steel H-piles—critical substructure elements in United States bridges. By integrating advanced materials such as fiber-reinforced UHPC and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) grids with practical field deployment strategies and full-scale performance validation under realistic service and seismic loading, the project enhances infrastructure durability, constructibility, long-term performance, and public safety, directly benefiting transportation agencies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 16:26:18 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2695941</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovative Materials for Improved Roadway Mobility and Drainage Efficiency</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2677558</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Flood-related roadway closures and drainage failures cause major travel delays, increase congestion, and pose risks to public health and safety. Conventional stormwater culverts or highway drainage made from plastic, such as Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) or High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), are vulnerable to deformation, cracking, and chemical degradation, particularly in high-temperature or chemically aggressive soils. This project develops and evaluates advanced recycled HDPE composites reinforced with carbon nanotubes for use in drainage pipes and highway culvert systems, designed to maintain roadway mobility and performance during extreme rainfall, with an emphasis on public health and safety benefits and long-term roadway performance.  

Laboratory-scale fabrication and mechanical testing will optimize the composition of carbon nanotube-reinforced recycled HDPE blends for improved fracture strength, chemical resistance, and physical properties. Past research by the PI has previously produced and evaluated nanoclay-reinforced recycled plastic, demonstrating established expertise in composite preparation and testing.   

The research team will collaborate with Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), El Paso Water Utilities, and El Paso County to validate the material in representative stormwater applications and to assess long-term material performance under demanding exposure conditions such as ultraviolet radiation and high temperatures. By utilizing recycled HDPE, the project reduces material waste while improving performance and supporting long-term infrastructure reliability. The project will also conduct performance analysis and compare lifecycle costs against conventional PVC or HDPE systems, providing guidelines for integrating innovative polymer composites into transportation drainage infrastructure that support efficient roadway operation and reduced flood-related mobility disruptions. This project undertakes breakthrough research by applying carbon nanotubes to strengthen recycled thermoplastics for stormwater drainage systems. It is an innovative effort combining material science, hydraulic engineering, and laboratory-scale testing.    

  ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2026 13:53:43 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2677558</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Investigation of Dual Grade/Hybrid Steel Plate Girders Utilizing Stainless Steel</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2646068</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Corrosion is a significant concern for steel bridges, and if not properly designed for or mitigated, can lead to costly maintenance or service failures. One option for making steel bridges more corrosion-resistant is to use 50CR steel (formerly ASTM A1010 steel), which is a stainless steel having similar mechanical properties to typical bridge steels with much greater corrosion resistance. While 50CR steel is attractive due to its corrosion resistance, it’s cost, relative to traditional carbon steel, may preclude it from use due to budgetary restraints. One option for making 50CR steel bridges more cost-effective is by using a dual-grade girder, in which 50CR is used in targeted corrosive locations, while conventional steel, such as uncoated ASTM A709 Grade 50W or coated steel, are used elsewhere. By using the more costly material where it provides the most benefit, dual-grade girders have the potential to achieve life cycle cost savings by reducing future maintenance and increasing the overall service life of the girder. There has been limited research addressing the strength and corrosion performance of 50CR welded to traditional carbon steels. This research will quantify the corrosion behavior and the galvanic corrosion potential through accelerated corrosion tests. Strength tests will also be performed to evaluate any potential issues with the welding processes required for hybrid welding.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 11:32:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2646068</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Refining the Understanding of Parking Space Requirements and Its Impact on Vehicle Miles Traveled</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2487321</link>
      <description><![CDATA[In 2023, the Minnesota legislature passed H.F. No. 2887 which implemented several policies to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) in transportation. One of the key areas identified to reduce GHGs was through the reduction of vehicle miles traveled (VMT), which reduces GHG emissions by reducing the total distance travelled by cars in the state. Many VMT reduction strategies hold additional benefits such as increasing accessibility, safety, and reducing congestion. Parking space requirements have been highlighted as a specific element associated with driver modal choice, but little documented information is available on the established requirements or long-term benefits and challenges associated with modifying or removing these requirements. The goal of this project will be to explore, document, and broaden the collective understanding of mandated parking minimums within Minnesota and the region. Specifically, this project will examine the long-term benefits and challenges presented by reducing and/or removing currently established parking space requirements with new or redevelopment projects, and opportunities for parking space reallocation with existing uses.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 2025 11:55:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2487321</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Estimating Likely Mode Shift and Vehicle-Miles-Travelled-Reduction Potential Using Transportation Business Intelligence Data and AI Algorithms</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2487334</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The new Minnesota state legislation -- Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Impact Assessment – will require highway projects to conform with State GHG and Vehicle Miles Travelled (VMT) reduction targets. Metropolitan planning organizations and local agencies must adhere to these goals in their project decision-making, requiring suitable data and tools to assess transit/bicycle use potentials and subsequent VMT reduction prior to designing projects and programs. This research seeks to understand the likelihood of these interventions changing behavior and to help validate the assumptions and scoring that will be used to determine if the highway projects are adequately offset.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 2025 10:23:24 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2487334</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Determine Land Use Patterns, Travel, Regional Development, Population Trends, and Technology Change Impacts on Texas Energy Use and Carbon Emissions</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593190</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Travel demand modelers and policymakers detailed forecasts of local and regional land use patterns and travel demands, both local and long distance, for freight and passengers, to anticipate Texas' evolving energy demands and their associated costs, emissions, safety, and other quality-of-life implications. To this end, the research team will (1) highlight the various energy, cost, and environmental impacts of different land-development settings across Texas, along with the integrated nature of travel, the built environment, energy, water, health, and natural systems; (2) quantify the infrastructure differences, travel differences, emissions, and energy differences of different land use settings, to accommodate the same number of persons and jobs in different built environments; and (3) use those findings to develop tools for strategic energy- and emissions-related forecasting, reflecting various policy and practice options across Texas settings, including, for example, changes in vehicle and building technologies and incentives, transport fuels and energy policies, zoning practices and building codes, transport system investments and operations, and energy-supply decisions.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 26 Aug 2025 12:39:33 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2593190</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Design Guidance Development for Continuous Prestressed CFCC Strand Beams</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2562256</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The analysis of continuous bridge beams is more complicated than that of simply-supported beams. In much the same
way, construction of simply-supported beams is also much simpler than continuous prestressed beams. Yet, continuous
beam spans can be the best option in unique bridge projects. One project type includes bridge superstructures
replacement with limited clearance. The depth of the new bridge beam is limited by road clearance or high-water flood
elevation. Continuous span design with a reduced beam depth may be the best design alternative as the continuous
beam meets the loading requirements with a thinner cross section. 
Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) does not typically build continuous
superstructures where beams are designed to perform continuously with regard to loads. Additionally, the length of
beams is limited by shipping constraints, so deploying CFCC beams on short and medium span bridges seems more
feasible. CFCC has not been utilized in Michigan in draped conditions required for continuous beams, so the
configuration and design requirements need to be developed. This project will explore the possible application of new
materials and new designs in a combined effort.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jun 2025 14:21:49 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2562256</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Development and Characterization of UHPC Including Carbon Fibers and Internal Curing for Bridge Deck Overlays</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2509298</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) is an advanced concrete material with outstanding mechanical properties and considerable potential for extending the life of bridges. While traditionally based on Portland cement and reinforced with steel fibers, UHPC formulations reinforced with Carbon Fibers (CFs) of different scales have been recently investigated. Pilot experiments show promising results. Common dispersion techniques allow for CF contents under 1% by weight of cementitious content to avoid dispersion-related issues, such as clumping and balling, which affect the homogeneity of the matrix and deteriorate mechanical performance. These techniques are inefficient to fully explore the potential of CF in UHPC and additional research is needed to examine the effect of high concentrations of CF reinforcement on these matrices in pursuit of tensile properties equal to or above what is obtained with steel fiber reinforcement. Additionally, rapid setting and low shrinkage calcium sulfoaluminate cement and internal curing have significant potential for improving the speed of strength gain and improving overall performance of UHPC bridge deck overlays while reducing the unit weight of the material. 
This study will investigate UHPC formulations reinforced with high concentrations of CF at multiple scales using a dispersion technique that allows fiber contents of up to 4% by weight. Additionally, UHPC formulations using rapid setting cementitious materials and curing methods to achieve faster strength gain, reduced shrinkage, light weight, and improved durability will be investigated. This research entails the investigation of multi-scale carbon fiber reinforcement of UHPC mix designs aiming to achieve flexural strengths and strain hardening behavior similar or superior to the levels typically obtained with steel fibers. It will also examine the impact of calcium sulfoaluminate cement and internal curing on the same behaviors and compare performance of the best mix designs when used as a structural overlay. Small-scale four-point bending tests will be conducted to measure the flexural strength and ultimate strain of UHPC specimens and overlay specimens will be tested in flexure with the UHPC portion on the flexural tension side. The following tasks will be pursued in this multi-institutional study. Task 1: Evaluation of carbon fibers (lead: TAMU); Task 2: Evaluation of rapid setting calcium sulfoaluminate cement and internal curing (lead: OU); Task 3: SEM evaluation of microstructure (lead: TAMU); Task 4: Construction of overlay specimens (lead: OU and TAMU); Task 5: Bridge deck overlay specimen testing (lead: OU), and Task 6: Final report and dissemination of results (lead: TAMU and OU).
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Feb 2025 15:05:12 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2509298</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantify the effect of re-carbonation during the use-phase and end-of-life of concrete pavements</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495001</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project seeks to validate and improve quantification methods and simulation models to better understand CO₂ uptake in concrete pavements during their service life and recycled concrete aggregate at the end-of-life phase. Hydrated cement in concrete has the potential to sequester CO₂ during the use and end-of-life phases through carbonation, a mineralization process where atmospheric CO₂ reacts with alkali products like portlandite to form stable carbonates. Pavement systems have significant potential for carbonation due to their constant exposure to the environment, the use of preservation methods like diamond grinding that repeatedly expose fresh hydrated cement, and the stockpiling of crushed concrete at the end of its life, where the increased surface area can enhance carbonation. However, systematic methods for quantifying and addressing this uptake in transportation systems is lacking. In this work, the research team will use laboratory characterization of carbonation depth, analysis of factors influencing RCA carbonation in stockpiles, and validation of diffusion-based models to better inform consideration of carbon sequestration in concrete. By considering regional climate variations and assessing the impacts of preservation practices, this work aims to inform sustainable pavement management practices.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jan 2025 16:36:28 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2495001</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Precast concrete with self-powering defrosting capability</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2491005</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Each year, 24% of weather-related vehicle crashes occur on snowy or icy pavement and 15% happen during snowfall or sleet. Over 1,300 people are killed and >116,800 people are injured in vehicle crashes on snowy or icy pavement annually. Snow and ice increase road maintenance costs. Winter road maintenance accounts for ~20% of State DOT maintenance budgets. State and local agencies spend more than $2.3 billion on snow and ice control operations annually. Each year, these road agencies also spend millions of dollars to repair infrastructure damage caused by snow and ice. This exploratory project is aimed at developing precast concrete with self-powering defrosting capability. Defrosting capability has long been shown to be effective in cement-based materials by resistance (Joule) heating, provided that conductive admixtures are used to reduce the resistivity. Short carbon fiber is the most cost-effective conductive admixture to greatly lower the resistivity, so that resistance heating becomes effective. Short steel microfiber is even more effective than short carbon fiber, but it is much higher in price.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jan 2025 11:56:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2491005</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Durability Assessment of Self-Sensible Ultra High-Performance Concrete (S2UHPC) for Infrastructure Rehabilitation Under Extreme Weather Conditions</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2475699</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The degradation and aging of transportation infrastructure in the United States present pressing challenges that require immediate and innovative solutions. Extreme weather events strain these critical systems, underscoring the need for materials and technologies capable of withstanding harsh environmental conditions while providing insights into structural health. Traditional methods of structural health monitoring often rely on complex sensor arrays, which, despite their reliability, face challenges in durability, compatibility with concrete, and high installation costs. These limitations hinder the widespread adoption of structural health monitoring solutions across large transportation infrastructure networks. This research proposes Self-Sensible Ultra High-Performance Concrete (S2UHPC) as an innovative material solution for infrastructure rehabilitation that addresses these limitations. S2UHPC combines the high durability and mechanical strength of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) with intrinsic self-sensing capabilities, eliminating the need for additional sensor installations. Through the integration of conductive fillers, this material exhibits piezoresistive behavior, allowing it to autonomously monitor structural health by detecting changes in electrical resistance due to applied stress or environmental factors. This self-sensing function provides a low-cost, durable alternative for monitoring critical structural elements under extreme weather conditions. The study focuses on assessing the durability and sensing performance of S2UHPC in environments subjected to varying temperature and humidity conditions to evaluate how S2UHPC can withstand and adapt to the demands of rehabilitated infrastructure in vulnerable regions. To further improve its sensing consistency while maintaining cost-effectiveness, low-cost milled carbon fibers are introduced into the mix, facilitating a percolation network that enhances conductivity and provides stable, reliable sensing results. By integrating these fillers, S2UHPC achieves a balance between structural resilience and self-sensing capability, positioning it as an ideal material for applications in large-scale transportation infrastructure. 
This research aims to advance a next-generation infrastructure solution capable of autonomous monitoring, S2UHPC, which will be evaluated as a large-area coating on critical structural components such as columns, beams, slabs, and pavements. Through systematic experimental works, this study will optimize the material formulation of S2UHPC for performance under cyclic loading and environmental stressors, with an emphasis on durability and sensing reliability. The following tasks will be pursued: Task (1): Mix design and mixing procedure development; Task (2): Mechanical and electrical properties measurement; Task (3): Durability evaluation and microstructure characterization of S2UHPC under various environmental conditions, and Task (4): Material design optimization.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Dec 2024 19:52:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2475699</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Use of Innovative Sustainable and Durable Materials in Concrete Pavements</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2479868</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Concrete is the most widely used manufactured material in existence. The key ingredient of concrete is the cement that binds various concrete ingredients together to form hardened concrete. The manufacturing of Portland cement, the most commonly used cementitious material worldwide, is responsible for emitting 5 to 8% of global anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO₂) every year. To address this concern, the concrete industry is exploring opportunities to use innovative, low-carbon cementitious materials in concrete to reduce embodied (cradle-to-gate) CO₂ emissions and move toward net-zero carbon emission construction. 

In 2024, the National Road Research Alliance (NRRA) constructed 8 lower-carbon-content-concrete pavement test cells at the MnROAD facility to expand on earlier research and evaluate the large-scale constructability, sustainability, and resiliency of various alternative cementitious and pozzolanic materials. 

The main goal of the new project is to investigate how the various innovative and sustainable materials used in these cells affect their early life performance in Minnesota’s harsh climate conditions. In order to achieve the project goals, the research team will analyze the fresh and hardened concrete test results, evaluate the constructability of the alternative cementitious materials in large-scale constructions such as pavement, analyze the annual pavement performance for the first three years after the construction and develop a framework for identifying measures that could be used to evaluate new materials such that agency specifications can be created or revised.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Dec 2024 10:42:42 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2479868</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Greenhouse Gas Reductions Due to VT Clean Transporation Incentive Programs</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2440048</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is an urgent need to evaluate and refine Vermont’s electric vehicle (EV) incentive programs to ensure that they deliver efficient, equitable, and effective greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions while supporting the state’s economic and fiscal health and residents’ mobility and wellbeing. Vermont’s Global Warming Solutions Act requires GHG reductions of 26% below 2005 levels by 2025 for all sectors, ramping up to 80% by 2050. Transportation GHGs account for 40% of Vermont’s emissions, and 70% of vehicle travel in Vermont occurs in rural areas. Achieving GHG reductions from transportation in Vermont’s largely rural context is particularly challenging because of the limited transportation options in rural settings and the long distances between where people live and their essential destinations. Decarbonizing the transportation sector in Vermont will require continuing to implement a range of strategies designed to affect how much people drive and the emissions intensity of their travel.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 10 Oct 2024 14:17:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2440048</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Assessing Electric Vehicle Benefits in a Rural, Cold, and Mountainous Region</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2425460</link>
      <description><![CDATA[There is a pressing need to develop a place-specific understanding of the factors that affect the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions impacts of vehicle electrification. Prior research indicates that the GHG benefits of vehicle electrification depend on the composition of vehicles in a household, vehicle attributes, how they are used, how they are charged, the share of miles that are electric (utility factor), and the efficiency of vehicles. While limited evidence suggests that electric vehicle use, charging, and GHG benefits may differ in rural contexts, cold climates, and mountainous regions, little is known about how their use and performance differs in these contexts, or how to modify vehicle electrification policies and programs to ensure greater GHG benefits of vehicle electrification. This study will collect
real-world driving data in the mountainous and largely rural northern state of Vermont to determine how plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) use and performance differ across these contexts and for different vehicle types. A household survey and on-board Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring devices will be used to evaluate vehicle use, vehicle and household utility factors, electric range, and efficiency, as well as implications for use and utility factors of future electric vehicle adopters. Findings from this research are critical to informing vehicle incentive programs and public charging investments to ensure that PEV adoption reduces GHGs in a broader range of contexts.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Sep 2024 11:56:22 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2425460</guid>
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