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    <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
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    <copyright>Copyright © 2026. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.</copyright>
    <docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>
    <managingEditor>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</managingEditor>
    <webMaster>tris-trb@nas.edu (Bill McLeod)</webMaster>
    <image>
      <title>Research in Progress (RIP)</title>
      <url>https://rip.trb.org/Images/PageHeader-wTitle-RIP.jpg</url>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/</link>
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    <item>
      <title>Development of Right-of-Way Engineering and Design Fundamentals</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712192</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Historically, transportation projects have been developed by professionally disconnected groups, including design teams, operations teams, environmental teams, and right-of-way (ROW) or real estate teams overseeing land acquisition. Likewise, these groups have relied on specific national-level resource publications that provide guidance to the focus of each professional section. While these industry-standard publications provide foundational guidance on their respective fields, they consistently lack substantive approaches to ROW engineering and design (ED), which is critical to successful project delivery.

ROW-ED inherently bridges disciplines, making isolated team structures ineffective for the cross-functional collaboration it demands. State departments of transportation (DOTs) that utilize ROW-ED teams are aware of the overall benefits of an integrated approach in delivering cost-effective and context-sensitive approaches to project delivery. Several 
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) projects are underway that identify ROW-ED processes in developing proper guidance for foundational ROW-ED tasks. While the proposed research will build on outcomes from earlier studies, additional investigation is needed to formulate ROW design methodologies.

The objective of this research is to develop essential practices and policies for ROW-ED, including an ROW design matrix for use by state DOTs in determining appropriate ROW needs during project scoping and development.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 17:06:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712192</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Developing Data Literacy Competencies and Practices for State Transportation Workforce</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712190</link>
      <description><![CDATA[State departments of transportation (DOTs) are undergoing a major transformation in how they collect, manage, and use data. Historically reliant on manual observations and field reports, DOTs now collect large and diverse datasets from traffic monitoring, asset condition assessments, maintenance records, freight compliance, Global Positioning System (GPS) probe data, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), drones, and video analytics. These technologies support more data-driven decisions related to infrastructure management, operations, and planning.

The growing volume and diversity of transportation data have created significant challenges for integration, governance, and analysis. To address these issues, many DOTs are adopting standardized data formats and centralized governance structures that improve interoperability, reduce duplication, and support collaboration with external stakeholders. At the same time, data access has expanded across agencies, allowing planners, engineers, managers, and policy staff to work directly with increasingly complex datasets.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning applications are accelerating this shift, particularly in areas such as traffic incident detection, pavement performance prediction, asset management, and safety analysis. However, many transportation professionals lack foundational competencies in data governance, statistical reasoning, ethical data use, visualization, and interpretation of analytical outputs. The shortage of qualified data-science personnel within public agencies further increases reliance on undertrained staff and external consultants. Communication gaps between technical teams and transportation practitioners also hinder effective implementation of data-driven tools and practices.

The objective of this research is to improve data literacy within transportation agencies by identifying current skill gaps and workforce needs, evaluating data usage practices, and developing strategies to improve the ability of staff to collect, interpret, manage, and apply data effectively.

This research will identify baseline competencies required for transportation data literacy; examine barriers related to training, governance, and organizational silos; evaluate the impacts of limited data-science staffing; and explore best practices for training, communication, and knowledge management. The study will develop actionable recommendations for tailored training, improved data governance, reduced reliance on external consultants, and stronger data-driven decision-making across transportation agencies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 17:01:25 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712190</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Strategies for Addressing Funding Challenges in Transportation Asset Management</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712184</link>
      <description><![CDATA[State and local transportation agencies face growing challenges in maintaining assets due to funding uncertainties, rising costs, and increasing system demands. Fuel taxes have historically provided stable funding, but declining revenues have made it harder to sustain long-term investment and asset management plans. Alternative funding mechanisms such as tolling and user-based charges may help but are often difficult to implement and insufficient to close funding gaps.  

As transportation agencies work to preserve system performance and deliver projects under constrained budgets, there is a growing need for strategies that address both short-term funding uncertainty and long-term financial sustainability. Previous research has examined the impacts of funding instability on transportation planning and project delivery, but additional guidance is needed to help agencies identify effective financial and asset management strategies. 

The objective of this research is to identify best practices and innovative strategies for addressing funding challenges in transportation asset management. The research will evaluate case studies and develop guidance to help transportation agencies manage funding uncertainties, prioritize investments, and support long-term system preservation.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 16:04:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712184</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Public-Private Partnerships for Truck Parking Capacity Expansion and Development</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712179</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Truck drivers need safe, secure, and accessible truck parking to obtain the rest required under federal hours-of-service regulations for their own safety and the safety of other road users. States face challenges in constructing and maintaining public truck parking facilities with sufficient capacity and amenities to meet demand. In addition, the prohibition on commercialization at public interstate rest areas limits states’ ability to generate revenue from amenity services for commercial motor vehicle operators.

The rise in paid truck parking in the private sector has further affected drivers since many are not reimbursed for parking their vehicles, making parking fees an out-of-pocket expense. As a result, truck drivers increasingly seek unauthorized and potentially unsafe parking locations, such as freeway shoulders, exposing themselves and the motoring public to crash risks, as well as increased risk of cargo thefts.

Public–private partnerships (P3s) have been identified as a potential strategy for truck parking capacity expansion off the interstate system. Through collaboration between public agencies and private entities, additional safe truck parking options could increase parking capacity, reduce unauthorized parking in unsafe areas, minimize cargo theft risks, reduce supply chain disruptions, and improve safety outcomes.

The objectives of this research are to (1) develop guidelines for state departments of transportation and local governments to use P3 for truck parking and (2) identify best practices that could replicate proven models to advance collaboration and partnerships with the private sector for the purpose of truck parking capacity development and expansion.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 15:04:08 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712179</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Evaluation of Positive Protection in Work Zones</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712242</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Positive protection enhances safety in work zones for both users of the transportation system and for workers by providing separation between the work space and motorized traffic. The decision on whether to use positive protection in a given work zone (and what types of measures and strategies to implement) depends on many factors. The objective of this research project is to develop a decision support tool for the use of positive protection in work zones. Attainment of the project objective will fill gaps in existing knowledge and help transportation practitioners to make data-driven decisions regarding the use of positive
protection in work zones. The research approach will include a literature review, the
gathering of information from various states regarding their best practices for providing
positive protection (through a survey and interviews), analysis of data from a series of freeway work zones, and tool development. The research will be implemented through a collaborative effort by a team comprised of work zone safety experts from the University of Missouri (MU) and Michigan State University (MSU). The benefits of this research project will include improved safety for construction work zones through the use of positive protection. The guidelines developed in this research project will be of great value to the practitioners who are responsible for the implementation of positive protection in work zones and will help to facilitate the increased use of positive protection in work zones.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 12:18:02 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2712242</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 90. Best Practices in the Use of Microsimulation Models</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2706285</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Research resulted in a report that summarizes whether there is consensus on the state of the practice regarding where, when and how micro simulation modeling can be best supported, justified, and cost effective.
]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 15:09:20 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2706285</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Research for the AASHTO Standing Committee on Planning. Task 62. Best Practice Methodology for Calculating Return on Investment (ROI) for Transportation Programs and Projects</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2706283</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transportation agencies are increasingly considering “return-on-investment” (ROI) when evaluating projects for inclusion in plans and programs.   Projects are commonly evaluated on the basis of costs and benefits.  Costs usually include project development and construction, but not full life-cycle costs.  Benefits typically include safety (reductions in fatalities, injuries and property loss accidents), delay savings and possibly direct economic impacts (effects of labor and material expenditures multiplied appropriately through the local and state economy).  To better consider the public’s return on the investment of it’s transportation funds, “costs” should also reflect life-cycle costs.   “Benefits” should include the economic value of increased capacity and travel time reliability, and economic development/growth stimuli.  The current trend of trying to leverage private capital investments through public-private–partnerships (PPPs) further complicates the evaluation of ROI. The objectives of this project are to: identify the most appropriate criteria for quantifying public transportation project ROIs that will allow comparisons between modal, operational and capacity increasing projects; identify evolving methods for considering the respective returns on public and private investments resulting from public-private partnerships; evaluate currently available methodologies that best address the estimation of ROI and: identify information and methodological gaps that suggest further research opportunities.

 ]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 15:04:03 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2706283</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Incident Management in Managed Lanes</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2705385</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Managed lanes create unique challenges for incident response due to additional intelligent transportation systems infrastructure, tight space constraints, limited access, and additional stakeholders. This research effort will synthesize best practices among state departments of transportation and other managed lane operators, as well as a review of the recent literature. Specific aspects of managed lane incident management to be studied include incident responder challenges, technological solutions, traffic control strategies, interactions between managed and general-purpose lanes, planned work zones, safety service patrols (both Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) and those of managed lanes operators) , and coordination among stakeholders. The project will also develop methods to calculate the return on investment of various incident management approaches. The approaches identified by this study may be adopted by VDOT, resulting in improved incident management, reduced delay, and improved safety with respect to secondary crashes and responder safety.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 08:06:53 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2705385</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Governance of Multimodal Planning: Examining Transit Corridor Planning Strategies in California</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696845</link>
      <description><![CDATA[This project will evaluate sub-regional corridor-scale multimodal planning processes in California that aim to improve multi-modal access and mobility for reaching desired destinations (e.g. homes and residences). Research has demonstrated that transit and active transport use can be enhanced through coordinated planning of facilities and services on a corridor and/or travel network basis, especially when also coordinated with land use strategies. With some new and ambitious corridor/mobility-hub planning efforts currently underway in California, now is a good time to evaluate what makes them succeed or fail. Although the potential benefits from such strategies have been shown to be substantial, corridor-plus-station area planning faces considerable challenges, many of which concern the challenges of institutional coordination. Yet scant research has examined governance challenges of multimodal planning in California. This research project will address this neglected yet critical topic through case study analysis of selected current and past sub-regional corridor planning efforts in California. Through public documents analysis and interviews with stakeholders, the project will examine and compare the selected planning processes in relation to: stakeholders involved; goals, objectives, and operational measures established; planning and analytical processes/procedures pursued; stakeholder interests and concerns; policies, programs, and projects adopted and funded for implementing the objectives; and outcomes achieved (including measurable impacts for mode choice, VMT (Vehicle Miles Traveled), and access and mobility to desired destinations by mode). The project will identify best practices and obstacles and pitfalls for effective corridor planning and consider how the state government can support multimodal corridor planning, as these plans support the transformation of the transportation networks they cover by improving access to transportation modes and increasing travel mobility to desired destinations.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 11:01:11 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2696845</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Advancing Rail Infrastructure Asset Management and Hazard Mitigation: Educational Tools and Practitioner Decision Support Systems</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2691664</link>
      <description><![CDATA[As rail infrastructure ages and faces intensifying system stressors (e.g., flooding, icing, and extreme heat), agencies need to identify pathways to enhance the durability and operational reliability of their physical assets. However, there is a significant gap in available training material regarding Rail Infrastructure Asset Management (IAM) for both university students and current practitioners. Building upon the researcher’s ongoing research into adaptive capacity and international rail best practices, this project will translate rigorous research findings into accessible educational and research tools and practical decision-support systems. The project focuses on three primary technology transfer and workforce development initiatives:


(1) Interactive Rail Asset Management Platform: The team will develop a web-based, interactive learning module (utilizing platforms such as Tigyog) targeting students and practitioners. This resource will cover the principles of IAM, condition assessment, and decision-making under uncertainty. It will feature "gamified" scenarios and narrative case studies drawn from the team's research, contrasting infrastructure failures (e.g., the East Palestine, Ohio derailment) with successful engineering adaptations (e.g., the Shinkansen automatic braking systems in Japan). Users will engage with a "build-your-own" asset management framework to apply these concepts in real-time.
(2) University Teaching Packets: To address the lack of specialized rail engineering curricula, the team will create comprehensive teaching modules for instructors. These packets will draw from the team's six-country comparative analysis (U.S., Australia, Spain, Japan, Ghana, Argentina), providing lecture slides, assignment materials, and case-study evaluations. Topics will focus on identifying key asset vulnerabilities, institutional barriers to maintenance, and successful infrastructure hardening strategies.
(3) Practitioner Decision Matrix: The team will develop a "Rail Hazard Mitigation Decision Matrix" for state agencies and rail operators.

This tool will synthesize data on geographic hazards, system ownership models, and cost-benefit ratios to help managers prioritize physical infrastructure improvements.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 23:25:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2691664</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Quantifying the Flood Resilience Value of Water Quality Best Management Practices on Vermont Roads</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2689762</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Transportation networks have been recognized as contributors to water quality impairment by discharging stormwater, sediment, and nutrients to receiving waters. These contributions can occur through chronic inputs of water and pollutants washed from the road surface during storm events or through episodic and often catastrophic road failure by mass wasting or fluvial erosion at structure crossings during extreme storms. Research studies in forested areas of the eastern United States, and elsewhere, including those conducted by members of this project team, have documented rates of erosion and mass wasting from low volume roads and impacts on water quality. Our previous research has also documented the importance of unpaved roads on water quality impairment and quantified the effectiveness of best management practices (BMPs) in reducing sediment and phosphorus contributions.
The Phosphorus Total Maximum Daily Load for Vermont Segments of Lake Champlain (a.k.a. TMDL) called for reductions in phosphorus contributions from developed lands, motivating a need to address stormwater runoff from the state’s transportation network. Statewide efforts to achieve the reductions required by the TMDL led to the development of the Municipal Roads General Permit (MRGP) in 2018 and subsequent revisions. Recent extreme flooding events across the state, in particular the July 10-11, 2023 North Country Storm event and associated Great Vermont Flood which will be the focus of this project, in addition to subsequent flood events in December 2023 and July 2024, have resulted in the need for emergency repairs of damaged transportation infrastructure, and revealed the need to clearly communicate the cost benefit of improved stormwater management on the transportation network. In past research projects funded by the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation and the Vermont Agency of Transportation, we conducted retrospective analyses (i.e. a review of project planning documents and site visits to assess existing conditions) of transportation stormwater upgrades funded by the state’s Better Roads and Grants in Aid programs and found that the BMPs installed through these grants were highly robust to extreme flood events. This project therefore aims to expand on the research teams’ prior work to assess the life cycle cost-benefit of BMP adoption with a focus on the BMPs required by the Municipal General Roads Permit (MRGP), Sections 1 and 2 of the VT Road and Bridge Standards for municipal roads, and VTrans Drainage Management Standards for State roads. The data and results of this project may be used to update VT AOT’s Transportation Resilience Planning Tool or other mitigation practices.
To facilitate this work, we will form a technical advisory committee (TAC) composed of VTrans project champions (Todd Eaton), Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VT DEC) staff engaged in the implementation of the Municipal Roads General Permit, members of at least one Regional Planning Commission, and others identified by VTtrans. The role of the TAC will be to help guide study design, facilitate the use of existing data, leverage on-going implementation of erosion control projects, and provide context for agency needs.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 09:46:01 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2689762</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Successful Applications of Alternative Delivery Methods by Highway Agencies to Accelerate Project Delivery</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681234</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Recent studies indicate that alternative project delivery methods—particularly design-build (DB), progressive design-build (PDB), public-private partnerships (P3s), and progressive P3s—can accelerate project development and delivery. However, adoption across State DOTs remains uneven. Some agencies have strong internal capacity, established procurement practices, and enabling legal frameworks to use these approaches effectively, while others continue to rely primarily on design-bid-build. As a result, many agencies are not realizing the full potential benefits of accelerated delivery.

This scan will assess how leading states have implemented alternative delivery models, the policies and laws that enabled their use, and lessons that may be transferable to other DOTs seeking to shorten delivery timelines. Areas of examination include: (1) criteria agencies use to select delivery models for major projects; (2) the role of enabling legislation and institutional frameworks in shaping delivery options; (3) cost and schedule performance comparisons across DB, PDB, P3, and design-bid-build; (4) stakeholder management, institutional considerations, and public communication practices; (5) risk allocation and risk-sharing approaches between public and private partners; and (6) use of innovative financing to improve project viability when paired with alternative delivery.

The scan will also examine decision-making processes, including leadership evaluation of delivery options, the influence of institutional and technical considerations, accountability mechanisms, internal capability development, procurement practices, and the integration of lifecycle cost considerations. Barriers to broader adoption—such as limited authority, staffing constraints, and concerns regarding cost overruns and accountability—will also be documented.

This scan will identify lessons learned, best practices, and decision frameworks for implementing accelerated delivery models. It will document how selected agencies evaluate delivery options, structure procurements, build internal capacity, and engage stakeholders to support successful outcomes.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 15:10:13 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681234</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Successful Strategies in Providing Training Programs for State and Local Equipment Technicians</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681233</link>
      <description><![CDATA[Fleet managers across surface transportation agencies face ongoing challenges in identifying training needs for fleet maintenance technicians and delivering effective programs. Prior to 2020, many states relied heavily on vendor-led training to support technician development on new and existing equipment. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of vendors reduced or discontinued these offerings, requiring agencies to pursue alternative approaches.

As fleet equipment continues to incorporate more advanced technologies, the need for consistent, high-quality, and up-to-date technical training has become increasingly critical to maintaining safe, reliable, and cost-effective operations.

OBJECTIVE: This scan will examine organizations that have successfully identified and implemented sustainable training programs for fleet maintenance technicians. The team will document how agencies structure and manage their programs, measure effectiveness, and ensure appropriate leadership support.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 15:03:19 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681233</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Innovations to Enhance Employee Safety in the Field</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681235</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The nation’s aging transportation infrastructure is increasing the need for maintenance and reconstruction activities conducted under traffic. While work zones are essential to address these needs, changing traffic patterns, narrowed lane widths, and the presence of workers and work vehicles create safety challenges for all road users traveling through work zones, including motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Continued traffic growth further complicates work zone operations and often pushes agencies to schedule work at night, adding additional risk factors and operational constraints.

In response, agencies are deploying a range of innovations intended to reduce worker exposure and improve safety outcomes. These include technologies that remove employees from hazardous situations (e.g., unmanned aerial systems, automated truck-mounted attenuators, positive protective systems, dynamic signing, and remote monitoring), improved engineering controls (e.g., enhanced advance warning systems, intrusion alerts, and in-vehicle notifications), and administrative approaches (e.g., speed management, move-over laws, and targeted law enforcement support). Agencies are also adopting advancements in personal protective equipment and using virtual and augmented reality for immersive safety training that allows workers to practice procedures in controlled environments. Documenting and sharing these practices can support broader adoption of safety-enhancing innovations across the highway community.

OBJECTIVE: This scan will identify and document proven innovations that highway transportation agencies are using to improve the safety of field personnel. Agencies to be examined may include state departments of transportation (DOTs), counties, municipalities, and toll agencies that have implemented effective safety innovations.

The scan will compile lessons learned and effective practices from participating agencies to inform a practical “toolbox” of resources that other agencies can adapt to their needs. The scan will also identify gaps, challenges, and opportunities to improve current approaches and technologies.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 15:01:26 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2681235</guid>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Concrete Materials Research Synthesis</title>
      <link>https://rip.trb.org/View/2671998</link>
      <description><![CDATA[The outcomes and objectives of this synthesis will include the following: (1) Compile, review, and summarize selected concrete materials research sponsored by Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT). (2) Identify common themes, research findings, and implementation outcomes related to concrete durability, performance-based approaches, and mix design practices. (3) Evaluate how previous research aligns with current agency priorities and national best practices. (4) Identify gaps, challenges, and opportunities for future research that can advance the agency’s materials and construction quality initiatives.]]></description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 13:18:58 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://rip.trb.org/View/2671998</guid>
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